Not really a plan but a massive propaganda exercise to show people in Russia and around the world that something amazing was taking place, economy transformed
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Motives for the first five year plan
Stalin wanted to create a socialist economy and society, he believed socialism was only possible in a highly industrialized country, Russia's economy 100 years behind those of the west
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Motives for the first five year plan part ii
Stalin believed the revolution should serve the working class, under the NEP the peasants prospered and the conditions of the working class were slow to improve-Stalin aimed to reverse this
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Motives for first five year plan part iii
Stalin wanted to replace the bourgeois specialists who managed industry with red specialists who were educated by the government and were working class
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Political motives for the five year plans
Stalin didn't want to be seen as Lenin's pupil-he wanted a reputation that would surpass Lenin-gave a speech on Lenin's mistakes to show Stalin's Russia was beginning
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Political motives for five year plans part ii
Stalin was concerned Russia would be unable to defend itself in war-there would need to be an increase in production of steel, iron, coal and oil
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Economic motives for five year plans
Response to the failure of the NEP-taking too long-producing the same amount iron, copper and steel as under the Czar, Russia behind Germany and other western countries
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What was the first five year plan
A set of targets drawn up by the Gosplan to be achieved in 5 years-Gosplan employed bureaucrats to set targets for every factory, workshop etc in Russia
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Problems with the Gosplan
The bureaucrats had little knowledge of the establishment they set targets for
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Stalin's priorities of the first five year plan
Focused heavily on industry and less of consumer goods-Stalin believed iron, coal and steel were the decisive industries as they were the first industries developed in the 19th C
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Stalin's priorities of the first five year plan part ii
because if this Stalin believed he needed to develop these industries to make Russia industrialized, Stalin prized physical mind and strength and hated easy life
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Why focus on heavy industry
To lay the foundations for future industrial development-all industries needed coal, iron and steel to develop,
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Why focus on heavy industry part ii
Most of the labour force were unskilled peasants who were poorly suited to the production of consumer goods but were well matched to the large production of raw materials-it was believed that over time the peasants would learn the skills to work in
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Why focus on heavy industry part iii
To defend itself against war
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Success of the first five year plan
The plan was finished a year early-produced substantial amount of raw materials-the plan had caused the economy to grow at around 14% a year, production out performed previous economic systems
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Production compared to Czar and NEP
Under czar iron production 4.2 (1913)-under NEP 3.3 (1928)-under first five year plan 6.2 (1932)
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Benefits of the first five year plan
Urban population trebled, workers promoted-many became managers or retrained as engineers or administrators, education reformed to serve the needs of the first five year plan
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Benefits of the first five year plan ii
Workers encouraged to attend classes in technical subjects
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Motives for the first five year plan
Back
Stalin wanted to create a socialist economy and society, he believed socialism was only possible in a highly industrialized country, Russia's economy 100 years behind those of the west
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