Religious organisations, places of worship, sacred texts, religious laws and customs
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Provide an argument and sociologist of why religious organisations are patriarchal
Armstrong (1993)- exclusion from priesthood in Judaism and Catholicism is evidence of women marginalisation
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What does Armstrong mean by a 'stained glass ceiling'?
Women are bottom of religious hierarchy despite often participating more then men
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Provide 3 criticisms for religious organisations being patriarchal
2015 Female Bishops were allowed in COE
20% resits in COE are female
Judaism has allowed female Rabbis since 1972
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Why are places of worship patriarchal ?
Segregation in POW where men occupy the most scared places
Women can be restricted from POW
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Provide examples for places of worship being patriarchal
Men occupy most important places in monks and synagogues
Menstruating women cannot touch the Quran
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Provide a criticism for why places of worship may not always be patriarchal
Most popular pilgrim site in UK our Lady Walshingham (shire to Virgin Mary) where both men and women worship it
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Why are sacred texts Patriarchal ?
-Largely feature male Gods and prophets
- written and interpreted by men
-Bible stories contain anti-female steorotypes
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Provide an example for why sacred texts are patriarchal
Eve causing humanities fall from grace
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Provide to criticism against why sacred texts are patriarchal
- More modern interpretations of holy texts
-14th C. successfully campaigned against only use male gender when referring to people in the Quran
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What are religious laws and customs patriarchal ?
Laws give women fewer rights then women eg. divorce, dress code, how many husbands
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Who argues exclusion from priesthood shows their unease about women ?
Woodhead (2002)
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Provide 2 examples on why religious laws and customs are patriarchal
- Catholic Church bands abortion and
contraception
- 137,000 females in the UK have had female genitial mutilation
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Provide a criticism for religious laws and customs
Saudi Arabia 2019 allowed women drivers
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Whats further evaluation for why religion isn't patriarchal ?
religion hasn't always been patriarchal
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Explain Armstrong 'women at the centre of religion' view
early religious women were at the centre with worship to female gods and fertility cults. But stopped with rise of monastic religious with 1 male God
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Explain El Saadawal 'hidden face of Eve theory'
Religion itself isn't patriarchal but men interpreted it to maintain women's subordination and maintain their power.
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Provide an example to support El Saadawals view
Islam isn't patriarchal by nature by male domination in Arab Cultural institions has led to gender inequality eg. poltics and chnaging religon to suit agenda
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Women using religon to resist oppression (evaluation)
Woodhead accepts traditional religions are patriarchal but not true for all women because can use it to gain freedom and respect
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What does Watson (1994) argue?
Veling of Islamic women allows them to cope ith male gaze
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Who argues pentecostal view is empowering as it can increase their power and influence?
Brusco
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What do functionalist argue against the feminist view?
they ignore religion integrates all members of society and gives meaning to individuals
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What are Marxist's criticisms of the feminist view?
religion reinforces Bourgouise ideology not patrarichy. Oppressed any member male or female
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Provide an argument and sociologist of why religious organisations are patriarchal
Back
Armstrong (1993)- exclusion from priesthood in Judaism and Catholicism is evidence of women marginalisation
Card 3
Front
What does Armstrong mean by a 'stained glass ceiling'?
Back
Card 4
Front
Provide 3 criticisms for religious organisations being patriarchal
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