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  • Created by: HOLLY
  • Created on: 21-04-14 12:04
Atomic Number
The number of protons and electrons.
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Mass Number
The number of protons and neutrons.
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Isotope
Atoms of the same element which have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.
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Avogadro Constant
6.02x10^23 The number of particles in an atom.
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Relative Atomic Mass
The mass of times an atom is heavier than one twelfth of a carbon atom.
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Relative Isotopic Mass
The mass of times an isotope is heavier than one twelfth of a carbon atom.
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Relative Formula Mass
Ar - Mass of a formula.
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Relative Molecular Mass
The total of the Ar in a compound.
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Empirical Formula
The simplest ratio of elements within a compound.
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Molecular Formula
Actual number of each element within a compound.
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Half Life
The time taken for half the mass of the radioactive nuclei to decay in a sample.
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Nuclear Fusion
The time taken for half the mass of the radioactive nuclei to decay in a sample.
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Exothermic
Gives out energy from the system to the surroundings, increasing the surroundings temperature (-∆H).
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Endothermic
Takes energy into the system from the surroundings, decreasing the surroundings temperature (+∆H).
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Standard Conditions (Enthalpy)
1 atmospheric pressure and 298k (25 degrees Celsius).
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Standard State
The physical and chemical state you would expect to find an element in under standard conditions.
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Standard enthalpy change of combustion (∆Hc)
The enthalpy change when one mole of a substance burns completely in oxygen under standard conditions, with everything in its standard state.
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Standard enthalpy change of reaction (∆Hr)
The enthalpy change which occurs when equation quantities of materials react under standard conditions, and with everything in its standard state.
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Standard enthalpy change of formation (∆Hf)
The enthalpy change when one mole of a substance is formed from its constituent elements. Both the reactant and product are in their standard state.
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Entropy
The measure of the number of ways in which particles can be arranged.
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Catalyst
A catalyst speeds up the rate of a reaction by providing an alternative route and remains chemically unchanged at the end of the reaction.
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Catalyst Poison
A substance which isn't a part of the reaction gets very strongly adsorbed onto the surface of the catalyst, preventing the normal reactants from reaching it. E.g. Lead is a familiar catalyst poison for catalytic converters.
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Heterogeneous Catalyst
A catalyst which is in a different physical state than the reactants.
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Aliphatic
Open carbon chain.
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Aromatic
There is a benzene ring present within the structure.
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Saturated
Single bonds between carbon atoms.
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Unsaturated
One or more double bond between carbon atoms.
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Auto-ignition
The explosion of fuel without a spark.
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Octane Number
The tendency of fuel to auto-ignite.
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Structural Formula
Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formula.
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Crude oil
Mix of hydrocarbons.
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Fractional Distillation
The process in which hydrocarbons are separated into their specific boiling point ranges (fractions).
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Hess' Law
As long as the starting and finishing points are the same, the enthalpy change for a chemical reaction will always be the same, no matter which route you take.
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Bond Enthalpy
The average energy required to break the bonds in one mole of gaseous compounds.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

The number of protons and neutrons.

Back

Mass Number

Card 3

Front

Atoms of the same element which have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

6.02x10^23 The number of particles in an atom.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

The mass of times an atom is heavier than one twelfth of a carbon atom.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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