F325 Exam Definitions

Definitions which come up all the time in F325...

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  • Created by: chloeeyay
  • Created on: 06-05-15 17:30
a pair of two species that transform into each other by gain or loss of an electron.
acid base pair
1 of 34
a system that minimises pH changes on addition of small amounts of an acid or base
buffer solution
2 of 34
a transition metal ion bonded to one or more ligands by coordinate bonds
complex ion
3 of 34
shared pair of electrons in which the bonded pair has been provided by one of the bonding atoms only
coordinate bond
4 of 34
the total number of coordinate bonds formed between the central metal ion and any ligands
coordination number
5 of 34
the enthalpy change needed to add one electron to each atom in one mole of gaseous atoms to form one mole of gaseous 1- ions
first electron affinity
6 of 34
the enthalpy change needed to add one electron to each ion in one mole of gaseous 1- ions to form one mole of gaseous 2- ions
second electron affinity
7 of 34
the enthalpy change when one mole of gaseous atoms forms from the element in its standard state
standard enthalpy change of atomisation
8 of 34
the enthalpy change when one mole of a substance reacts completely with oxygen under standard conditions, with all reactants and products in their standard states
standard enthalpy change of combustion
9 of 34
the enthalpy change when one mole of a compound is formed from its constituent elements in their standard states under standard conditions
standard enthalpy change of formation
10 of 34
the enthalpy change that takes place when one mole of isolated gaseous ions is dissolved in water to form one mole of aqueous ions under standard conditions
standard enthalpy change of hydration
11 of 34
the enthalpy change that accompanies the neutralisation of an aqueous base to form one mole of H2O(l), under standard conditions
standard enthalpy change of neutralisation
12 of 34
the enthalpy change that accompanies a reaction in their molar quantities expressed in a chemical equation under standard conditions, all reactants and products in their standard states
standard enthalpy change of reaction
13 of 34
the enthalpy change that takes place when one mole of a compound is completely dissolved in water under standard conditions
standard enthalpy change of solution
14 of 34
the quantitative measure of the degree of disorder in a system
entropy
15 of 34
the entropy change that accompanies a reaction in molar quantities expressed in a chemical equation under standard conditions, all reactants and products in their standard states
standard entropy change of reaction
16 of 34
the point in a titration at which the volume of one solution has reacted exactly with the volume of the second solution. This matches the stoichiometry of the reaction taking place.
equivalence point
17 of 34
the balance between enthalpy, entropy and temperature for a process. ∆G = ∆H – T∆S a process can take place spontaneously if ∆G ≤ 0
free energy change
18 of 34
the time taken for the concentration of a reactant to reduce by half
half life
19 of 34
if a reaction can take place via more than one route and the initial and final conditions are the same, the total enthalpy change is the same for each route
Hess’ law
20 of 34
a crystalline compound containing water molecules
hydrated
21 of 34
the energy required to remove one electron from each atom in one mole of gaseous atoms to form one mole of gaseous 1+ ions
first ionisation energy
22 of 34
the enthalpy change that accompanies the formation of one mole of an ionic compound formed from its gaseous ions under standard conditions
lattice enthalpy
23 of 34
a molecule of ion which can donate a pair of electrons to a transition metal ion
ligand
24 of 34
a reaction in which one ligand in a complex ion is replaced by another ligand
ligand substitution
25 of 34
a measure of the number of electrons that an atom uses to bond with atoms of another element
oxidation number
26 of 34
a reagent that oxidises (takes electrons from) another species
oxidising agent
27 of 34
the change in concentration of a reactant or product in a given time
rate of reaction
28 of 34
a reagent that reduces (gives electrons to) another species
reducing agent
29 of 34
the equilibrium constant for an equilibrium between a transition metal ion surrounded by water ligands and the complex formed when the same ion has undergone a ligand substitution reaction
stability constant (Kstab)
30 of 34
The e.m.f of a half cell compared with a standard hydrogen half-cell, measured at 298K with solution concentrations of 1M and a gas pressure of 1 atm
standard electrode potential
31 of 34
an acid that completely dissociates in solution
strong acid
32 of 34
an element which forms an ion with a partially filled d sub-shell
transition element
33 of 34
an acid that partially dissociates in solution
weak acid
34 of 34

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

a system that minimises pH changes on addition of small amounts of an acid or base

Back

buffer solution

Card 3

Front

a transition metal ion bonded to one or more ligands by coordinate bonds

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

shared pair of electrons in which the bonded pair has been provided by one of the bonding atoms only

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

the total number of coordinate bonds formed between the central metal ion and any ligands

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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