F324 Rings, Polymers and Analysis definitions

All of the F324 definitions you are required to know for the paper according to the OCR specification.

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  • Created by: Becky0295
  • Created on: 20-03-13 11:17
Arene
Aromatic hydrocarbons containing one or more benzene rings.
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Aromatic
Any compound containing a benze ring.
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Delocalised electrons
Electrons shared between more than two atoms.
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Addition reaction
A reactant is added to an unsaturated molecule to make a saturated molecule.
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Substitution reaction
A reaction in which an atom or group of atoms is replaced with a different atom or group of atoms.
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Electrophile
An atom (or group of atoms) that is attracted to an electron-rich centre, where it accepts a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond.
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Substitution reaction
An atom or group of atoms is replaced with a different atom or group of atoms.
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Electrophillic substitution
A type of substitution reaction in which an electrophile is attracted to an electron-rich centre or atom, where it accepts a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond.
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Curly arrow
A symbol used in a reaction mechanism to show the movement of an electron pair in the breaking or formation of covalent bonds.
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Functional group
Part of an organic molecule responsible for its chemical reactions.
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Electronegativity
A measure of the attraction of a bonded atom for the pair of electrons in a covalent bond.
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Reflux
The continual boiling and condensing of a reaction mixture to ensure that the reaction takes place without the contents of the flask boiling dry.
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Nucleophile
An atom or group of atoms attracted to an electron-deficient centre, where it donates a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond.
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Esterification
The reaction of an alcohol with a carboxylic acid to produce an ester and water.
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Hydrolysis
A reaction with water or hydroxide ions that breaks a chemical compound into two compounds.
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Isoelectric point
The pH value at which the amino acid exists as a zwitterion.
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Stereoisomers
Species with the same structural formula but with different arrangement of the atoms in space.
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Chiral carbon
A carbon atom attached to four different atoms or groups of atoms.
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Optical isomers (enantiomers)
Stereoisomers that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other.
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Biodegradable polymer
A polymer that breaks down completely into carbon dioxide and water.
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Degradable polymer
A polymer that breaks down into smaller fragments when exposed to light, heat or moisture.
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Pharmacological activity
The beneficial or adverse effects of a drug on living matter.
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Adsorption
The process by which a solid holds molecules of a gas or liquid or solute as a thin film on the surface of a solid, or, more rarely, a liquid.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Any compound containing a benze ring.

Back

Aromatic

Card 3

Front

Electrons shared between more than two atoms.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

A reactant is added to an unsaturated molecule to make a saturated molecule.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

A reaction in which an atom or group of atoms is replaced with a different atom or group of atoms.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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