F324 conditions 0.0 / 5 ? ChemistryArenesA2/A-levelOCR Created by: Rabia97Created on: 20-04-15 19:03 Nitration C6H6 + HNO3= C6H5NO2 + H20 HNO3 + H2SO4 = NO2 + HSO4 + H2O Reflux 60c, conc HNO3, conc H2SO4 1 of 13 Halogenation of benzene C6H6 + X2 = C6H5X + HX Non aqueous, X2, halogen carrier catalyst 2 of 13 Acid anhydride and alcohol Acid anhydride + alcohol = ester + carboxylic acid Reflux (warm gently) 3 of 13 Aliphatic amines Halogen alkane + NH3 = Amine + Hydrogen halide Ethanolic NH3/ NH3(alc) 4 of 13 Aromatic amines Nitrobenzene + 6[H] = phenyl amine + 2H2O [H] Sn catalyst, conc HCl, reflux Reduction (O lost, H gained) 5 of 13 Reaction of aliphatic amine Branch amine + HCl = branch ammonium chloride (NH3Cl) 6 of 13 Reaction 1 of phenyl amine Phenyl amine + HCl = phenyl amine chloride (NH3Cl) 7 of 13 Reaction 2 of phenyl amine Phenyl amine + HNO2 + HCl = benzene diazonium chloride + 2H2O 10c benzene diazonium chloride = phenol + N2 8 of 13 Making Azo Dyes Diazonium + phenol = azo dye + HCl alkaline conditions 9 of 13 Acid Hydrolysis of esters Ester + water = carboxylic acid + alcohol dilute acid, reflux 10 of 13 Alkaline Hydrolysis of esters Ester + hydroxide = carboxylate salt + alcohol reflux, aqueous NaOH/KOH 11 of 13 Acid Hydrolsis of amide bond in eqaution reactants H2O and 2H+ H+ adds on to each N reflux 24 hours 6moldm-3 HCl 12 of 13 Alkaline Hydrolysis of amine bond NaOH, 100c Na adds on to O of OH on both amino acids 13 of 13
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