a compound made of amino acids linked by peptide bonds
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What is the general formula of an alpha amino acid?
RCH(NH2)COOH
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Zwitterion
a dipolar ionic form of an amino acid that is formed by the donation of a hydrogen atom from the carboxyl group to the amino group
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Amphoteric
Can react with both acids and bases
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Isoelectric point
the pH value at which the amino acid exists as a zwitterion
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What happens when an amino acid is in conditions more acidic than the isoelectric point?
The amino acid behaves as a base an accepts a proton on the amine group
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What happens when an amino acid is in conditions more basic than the isoelectric point?
The amino acid acts an acid and donates a proton from the carboxyl group
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Condensation reaction
where two small molecules will become one by the removal of a a small molecule such as water
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How are proteins made?
By the removal of water from amino acids to form peptide linkages throughout (CO-NH)
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Explain the process of acid hydrolysis and conditions required
Acid hydrolysis: H+ ions and water are required to break peptide linkages. Makes amine groups positive. Heated under reflux over 24 hours and is very slow
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Explain the process of alkaline hydrolysis and conditions required
Alkaline hydrolysis: Uses NaOH at 100'C
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
RCH(NH2)COOH
Back
What is the general formula of an alpha amino acid?
Card 3
Front
a dipolar ionic form of an amino acid that is formed by the donation of a hydrogen atom from the carboxyl group to the amino group
Back
Card 4
Front
Can react with both acids and bases
Back
Card 5
Front
the pH value at which the amino acid exists as a zwitterion
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