F212 Biology Pt. 2 - Rebirth (Sorry had to)
Heres some notes for F212 , be aware there may be chunks missing for bits that I'm good at and I don't need to do cards for.
5.0 / 5 based on 1 rating
- Created by: Ben Ingham
- Created on: 27-05-13 20:55
Three forms of RNA
tRNA (transfer) , rRNA (ribosomal), mRNA (messenger)
1 of 40
Prosthetic Group
A coenzyme that is a permanent part of the enzyme molecules
2 of 40
Example of medicinal drug inhibiting Enzyme activity
Drinking antifreeze - contains ethylene glycol, liver breaks down using alcohol dehydrogenase, producing OXALIC ACID. Ethanol acts as a competetive inhibitor to the aclochol dehrdrogenase enzyme.
3 of 40
Turnover Number
Number of reactions an enzyme molecule can catalyse in one second.
4 of 40
BMI
mass (kg) / height^2 (m)
5 of 40
Obesity
When a person is 20+% their recomended weight for their height.
6 of 40
Health problems caused by Obesity
Cancer, Cardiovascular disease, Type II diabetes, gallstones, osteoarthiritis, high blood pressure (hypertension)
7 of 40
Lipoproteins
Combination of lipid, cholestrol and protein used to transport fats and cholestrol around the body.
8 of 40
High Density Lipoprotein
Unsaturated fats, bind to liver receptor cells to reduce cholestrol levels in blood.
9 of 40
Low Density Lipoprotein
Saturated fats, causes deposition
10 of 40
Effect of Saturated LDL on receptors
Decrease activity of LDL receptors, meaning less LDL is removed in the blood as conc rises, causing more deposition.
11 of 40
Effect of Polyunsaturated LDL on receptors
Increase activity of LDL receptors, decreasing LDL conc. in blood
12 of 40
Effect of Monounsature LDL on receptors
'Seem' to help remove LDL from blood.
13 of 40
Advantages of using microorganisms for food
Protein produciton faster. Production can be increased/decreased with demand. No animal welfare issues. Good for veggies.
14 of 40
Disadvantages of using microorganisms for food
Infection. Paleability. Protein purification. Isolation of protein.
15 of 40
Heealth
A state of mental, physical and social wellbeing.
16 of 40
Disease
Departure from good health caused by a malfunction of the mind or body.
17 of 40
Parasite
Organism that lives in/on another living thing, causing harm to its host.
18 of 40
Pathogen
Disease causing microorganism
19 of 40
Pathogens- Examples
Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi, Protoctista.
20 of 40
Transmission of Malaria
Mosquito sucks gametes into stomach. Gamtes fuse and zygotes develop. Infective stages form in saliva. Saliva acts as anticoagulant when bitten. IS enters liver and multiplies. Enter blood cells and produce gametes.
21 of 40
Transmission of HIV/AIDS
Exchange of bodily fluids. Unprotected sex. Sharing of hypodermic needles. Breastfeeding.
22 of 40
Transmission of Tuberculosis.
Homelessness. Poor Ventilation/Health/Diet. Overcrowding.
23 of 40
Primary Defence - Define
Those that prevent pathogens entering the body.
24 of 40
Primary Defence - Examples
Skin, Tear fluid, Acidic vagina, Wax in ear canal, Mucous membranes.
25 of 40
Describe primary defence in skin
Keratinocytes are produced by mitosis at base of epidermis, migrate to surface, cytoplasm replaced by keratin (keratinisation).
26 of 40
Two types of Phagocytes
Macrophages and Neutrophils
27 of 40
Vaccination
Deliberate exposure to antigenic material, which activates the immune system to make an immune response and provide immunity
28 of 40
Active Immunity
Immunity achieved by activation of the immune system
29 of 40
Passive Immunity
Immunity provided by antibodies that have not been manufactured by the activation of the recipients immune system.
30 of 40
Artifical Immunity
Deliberate exposure to antibodies or antigens
31 of 40
Natural Immunity
Gained in the course of normal living processes.
32 of 40
Short term effects of tar
Causes allergic reaction in airways, causing smooth muscle to contract and reduce airways lumen. Destroys/paralyses cilia. Trapped mucus with viruses/bacteria increase risk of infection.
33 of 40
Long term effect of tar - Smokers cough
Damages lining of airways/alveoli, producing scar tissue; less flexible and thicker. Bronchiole smooth muscle thickens, reducing lumen.
34 of 40
Long term effects of tar - Mucus
Bacteria/viruses cause infection, damaging epithelium. Also WB cells release enzymes to breakdown lung lining to pass through air spaces (elastase damages elastic tissue)
35 of 40
Chronic Bronchitis
Inflammation of airways, damage to cilia and overproduction of mucus. Irritation to lungs, coughing.
36 of 40
Emphysema
Loss of elasticity in alveoli, causing them to burst. Reduces gaseous exchange as surface area reduces with air space. Shallow breathing. Fatigue (less oxygenated blood)
37 of 40
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Combination of chronic bronchitis, emphysema and asthma.
38 of 40
Effects of Nicotine
Mimics action of transmitter substance at synapses, increasing sensitivity. Increases adrenaline release. Constricts arteries. Make platelets sticky, causing clot/thrombus formation
39 of 40
Effect of Carbon Monoxide
Joins with Haemoglobin to form carboxyhaemoglobin, reducing oxgen-carrying capacity of blood. Also damages artery linings.
40 of 40
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Prosthetic Group
Back
A coenzyme that is a permanent part of the enzyme molecules
Card 3
Front
Example of medicinal drug inhibiting Enzyme activity
Back
Card 4
Front
Turnover Number
Back
Card 5
Front
BMI
Back
Related discussions on The Student Room
- Electrochemistry help »
- Extenuating Circumstances was accepted and rejected again »
- PT previous study query »
- Exams centre A level »
- Options with ordinary BSc and funding for second degrees »
- maths question help »
- Make it More Israel-ey !! »
- Previous PT study »
- Best Game? »
- Physio BSc as a mature student, career changer & never been to Uni »
Similar Biology resources:
0.0 / 5
2.0 / 5 based on 2 ratings
2.0 / 5 based on 2 ratings
4.0 / 5 based on 2 ratings
1.5 / 5 based on 7 ratings
3.0 / 5 based on 1 rating
0.0 / 5
5.0 / 5 based on 1 rating
Teacher recommended
0.0 / 5
Comments
No comments have yet been made