F211 - Exchange Surfaces and Breathing 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyHuman, animal and plant physiologyA2/A-levelOCR Created by: KHillCreated on: 05-11-15 14:16 Organisms which require specialised exchange surfaces Multicellular 1 of 28 A distance which effects the efficiency of an exchange surface Diffusion Distance 2 of 28 These lie across the surfaces of alveoli, delivering and removing CO2 and O2 respectively Capillaries 3 of 28 The type of epithelium Alveoli have to reduce diffusion distance Squamous 4 of 28 What epithelial cells of alveoli produce to reduce surface tension and prevent collapse Surfactant 5 of 28 The diaphragm and intercostal muscles regulate ventialtion to maintain a ..... Concentration Gradient 6 of 28 Cartilage holds....open Airways 7 of 28 Smooth muscle.....the diameter of airways Constricts 8 of 28 Elastic fibres....to....air Recoil Expel 9 of 28 Bronchi are..... than the trachea Narrower 10 of 28 The trachea has regular ........ of cartilage, Bronchi have less C-Rings 11 of 28 The innermost layer of the Trachea, Bronchi and Bronchioles is made of ........ ........ and goblet cells Cialiated Epithelium 12 of 28 Bronchioles are even ...... than Bronchi Narrower 13 of 28 Larger bronchioles have some ....., smaller ones have none Cartilage 14 of 28 Alveoli walls are ..... thick One Cell 15 of 28 Cilia move in a ...... pattern to waft mucus up the airway Synchronised 16 of 28 Goblet cells secrete ..... to trap particles and thereby reduce risk of infection Mucus 17 of 28 ....... ...... recoil to their original shape to dilate airways, reversing the effects of smooth muscle Elastic Fibres 18 of 28 In Inspiration, the diaphragm ...... pushing digestive muscles down Contracts 19 of 28 ...... intercostal muscles contract to raise ribs (inspiration) External 20 of 28 Volume of thorax .... (Inspiration) Increases 21 of 28 Pressure in thorax goes .... atmospheric pressure (Inspiration) Below 22 of 28 During Expiration, the diaphragm .... and is pushed up by displaced organs underneath Relaxes 23 of 28 External intercostal mucsles relax and the ribs .... (Expiration) Fall 24 of 28 Volume of thorax ..... (Expiration) Decreases 25 of 28 Pressure in thorax goes ..... the atmospheric pressure (Expiration) Above 26 of 28 The volume of air moved into and out of the lungs during breathing when at rest Tidal Volume 27 of 28 The largest volume of air that can moved into and out of the lungs in any one breath Vital Capacity 28 of 28
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