Eyewitness testimony

Questions of case studies for EWT

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  • Created by: Junior
  • Created on: 09-05-13 09:16
Loftus and Palmer (1974) study on EWT and misleading information first experiment
two experiments, 1:PPs shown multiple car crash film, asked question, dif conditions verb changed smashed,collided,bumped. R:smashed estimated higher speeds than contested, lowest 32 mph.
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Loftus and Palmer (1974) study on EWT and misleading information second experiment
PPs split three groups, grp1 verb smash, grp2 hit, control no indication of speed. pps asked did you see any broken glass? R:smashed condition more likely to see glass than any other.
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Loftus and Palmer (1974) study on EWT and misleading information conclusion and evaluation
Leading questions affect accuracy of memories of event. E: implications four police interviews, artificial experiment- vid not emotional, effects recall, demand characteristics reduced validity and reliability.
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Loftus and Zanni (1975) on Leading questions
Showed PPs: film of car accident, asked did you see the/a broken headlight?. there was none, 7% about a light claimd to see one, comp to 17% in group asked "the". the and a affects accuracy of people's memories of an event.
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Valentine and Coxon (1997) on the effect of ange on EWT method
3 grps, children, young adults, elderly people. watched video of kidnapping, asked leading and non-leading questions. R: elderly and children gave more incorrect answers to non-leading questions. children misslead more than others.
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Valentine and Coxon (1997) on the effect of ange on EWT conclusion
C: age effects accuracy of EWT. E: implications in law when children/elderly questioned, experiment artificial, not emotionally arrousing lacks external validity.
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Loftus (1979) study on weapon focus in EWT
M: independent groups design, PPs heard discussion in naerby room, condition 1, man out with pen and grease on hand, con 2, man out carrying knife covered in blood, PPs identify man from 50 photos. R: con1 49% con2 33% accurate
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Loftus (1979) study on weapon focus in EWT
C: when anxious and aroused, witness focus on weapon not other details, E: high ecological validitym PPs unaware of study, ethical considerations, PPs coudl be stressed by sight of man and night
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Geiselman et al (1984) cognitive interview to increase accuracy of witness recall during police questioning.
1.interview attempts to relax witness, tailors language to suit witness 2witness recreates context of crime scene. 3. reports everything. 4. asked recall in different orders. 5. recall various perspectivers 6 interview avoids judgement and p comments
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Geiselman et al (1986) effect of cognitive interview.
M: staged situation, intruder blue racksack enter classrom stole projectorm two days later PPs questioned with standard or cognitive interview , early asked guy with green backpack nervous? later what colour rucksack was,
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

PPs split three groups, grp1 verb smash, grp2 hit, control no indication of speed. pps asked did you see any broken glass? R:smashed condition more likely to see glass than any other.

Back

Loftus and Palmer (1974) study on EWT and misleading information second experiment

Card 3

Front

Leading questions affect accuracy of memories of event. E: implications four police interviews, artificial experiment- vid not emotional, effects recall, demand characteristics reduced validity and reliability.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Showed PPs: film of car accident, asked did you see the/a broken headlight?. there was none, 7% about a light claimd to see one, comp to 17% in group asked "the". the and a affects accuracy of people's memories of an event.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

3 grps, children, young adults, elderly people. watched video of kidnapping, asked leading and non-leading questions. R: elderly and children gave more incorrect answers to non-leading questions. children misslead more than others.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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