Naturally occuring rocks that contain metal or metal compounds
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What are alloys?
Mixtures of metals
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What happens to metals and metal compounds found in the earths crust?
They are often mixed with other substances (to become useful they must be extracted from the other metals) They are then extracted and purified
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How are metals formed?
When metal oxides are reduced (have their oxygen removed)
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Complete this sentence: The reduction method depends on.....
The reactivity of the metal
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What metals are extracted by electrolysis?
Potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium and aluminium
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What metals are extracted by a reaction with carbon or carbon monoxide?
Zinc, Iron, Tin, and Lead
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What metals are extracted in various ways?
Copper, silver gold and platinum
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What are the qualities of the transition metals?
They are good conductors of heat and electricity and can be hammered or bent into shape easily
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Why is copper useful for plumbing?
Its a good conductor of heat and it doesnt react with water
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How is copper extracted from its ores?
By heating them in a furnace which is called smelting and then is purified using a process called electrolysis
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What happens during electrylosis?
Electricity is passed through the solutions containing copper compounds, the positively charged copper ions moved towards the negative electrode as copper metal
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How can we get access to more copper ores?
Phytomining, Bioleaching and scrap iron
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What is phytomining?
Some plants absorb copper compounds through their roots, the plants can be burned to produce ash that contains copper compounds
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What is bioleaching?
Some bacteria absorb copper compounds, they they produce solutions called leachates which contain copper compounds
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How can we extract copper using iron?
Copper can be extracted from solutions using scrap iron. Iron is more reactive that copper so it can displace the copper from the sollution
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What is the word equation for using iron to extract copper?
Iron + Copper Sulfate = Iron Sulfate + Copper
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What are the qualities of aluminium and titanium?
They have a low density and therefore are lightweight, they have a think layer of oxides on their surface which stops air and water getting to them, they resist corrosion
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Aluminium and titanium are unlike iron because....
They cannot be extracted form their oxides by reduction with carbon
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Why is aluminium mainly recycled?
Less energy is needed to recucle than to extract it from the ore and it preserves limited resources
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Why are alloys harder than pure metal?
Alloys contain atoms of different sizes and therefor they cant slide over one another
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What are some examples of alloys??
Brass, 18 carat gold and duralumin
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What are alloys?
Back
Mixtures of metals
Card 3
Front
What happens to metals and metal compounds found in the earths crust?
Back
Card 4
Front
How are metals formed?
Back
Card 5
Front
Complete this sentence: The reduction method depends on.....
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