Explanations of Institutional Aggression

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How many violent incidents in prisons were reported in 2006 and how much of an increase is t
11,476 incidents reported- a 541% increase on rates from 1996.
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What two explanations explain institutional aggression in prisons?
1. The Importation Model by Irwin and Cressey. 2. The Deprivation Model.
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Outline the Importation Model
Inmates import their own norms and attitudes into their prison life and so prisoners may turn to violence for info on how to behave. Esp true if inmate comes from a culture where violence is ok. Adams supported this.
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How does Adams' study support the Importation Model.
Studied black and white prisoners in America and found that black prisoners were more likely to be involved in violent incidents bc they came from impov'd communities where violence is the norm.
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Outline the Deprivation Model
Imprisonment itself causes stress and frustration which automatically leads to aggression. Harer and Steffensmeier supports this.
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How does Harer and Steffensmeier support the Deprivation Model.
Stated that violence is caused by 'problems of adjustment posed by depriv. or pains of imprisonment.' They react by engaging in violence. (loss of freedom, relationships, boredom, discomfort.) Prisons are more overcrowded= losing more personal space.
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What studies support the Importation Model?
Harer & Steffensmeier and Keller & Wang.
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Outline Harer and Steffensmeier.
analysed data from 58 US prisons & found black inmates displayed higher levels of violence but lower rates of alcohol/drug misconduct comp to whites. Reflective of US society: imported characteristics.
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Outline Keller and Wang.
found prison violence more likely to occur where the most troublesome inmates are, e.g. most assault on staff occurs in max security institutions than lower security ones.
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What studies contradict the Deprivation Model and what did they find?
McCorkle et al: studied 371 US prisons & didn't find correlation between violence&overcrowding. Stress levels assoc w/ imprisonment are constant but violent outbreaks aren't: management to blame not general deprivation of prisoners.
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What are the issues and debates surrounding the explanations of Institutional aggression?
Free Will v Determinism, Nature v Nurture and Reductionist.
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Card 2

Front

What two explanations explain institutional aggression in prisons?

Back

1. The Importation Model by Irwin and Cressey. 2. The Deprivation Model.

Card 3

Front

Outline the Importation Model

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

How does Adams' study support the Importation Model.

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Outline the Deprivation Model

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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