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6. Which is NOT a main metabolic waste of mammals?
- Salt
- Carbon dioxide
- Bile pigments
- Nitrogenous waste (urea)
7. What do Kupffer cells in the sinusoids do?
- Act as macrophages to ingest foreign particles and prevent disease.
- Remove water from the blood to create urine.
- Produce and spread mucus.
- Clean the blood of toxins.
8. What do hepatocytes do?
- They secret bile from the breakdown of blood into canaliculi, which drains into bile ductules into the gall bladder.
- Clean the blood of toxins.
- Get rid of sugar and salt in the blood.
- Secrete urea into the bladder.
9. Briefly, what is carbohydrate metabolism?
- Hepatocytes convert glucose to glycogen, which is stored in the liver and restored to glucose when needed.
- Using carbohydrates to increase overall metabolism and assist the liver.
- Increasing the digestion and metbolism of carbohydrates.
- Reducing the digestion and metabolism of carbohydrates.
10. Briefly, what is deamination of excess amino acids?
- The removal of an amine group from a molecule, preventing the excretion of useful excess proteins.
- Breaking down amino acids and proteins to remove them from the blood.
- Turning ammonia into amino acids to remove toxins.
11. What is urea?
- It is formed by the breakdown of amino acids by the liver.
- Concentrated urine.
- The vessel carrying urine from the bladder out of the body.
12. What does the hepatic portal vein do?
- Connects the hepatic veins and arteries.
- Carries blood with products from digestion to the liver.
- Takes oxygenated blood to the heart.
13. How do hepatocytes break down hydrogen peroxide?
- Hepatocytes break the hydrogen peroxide down using various metabolic pathways.
- Hepatocytes contain the enzyme catalase, splitting hydrogen peroxide into O2 and H2O
- Kupffer cells break down the hydrogen peroxide into CO2 and H20 using enzymes.
14. Why does blood from the hepatic artery and hepatic portal vein mix in the sinusoids?
- To make the system more efficient.
- To increase the oxygen content of the blood from the hepatic portal vein, providing hepatocytes with plenty of oxygen.
- To clean the blood.
- To reduce the oxygen content of the blood from the hepatic portal vein, stopping the hepatocytes from getting oxygen.