exchange system questions

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  • Created by: sarah
  • Created on: 24-04-14 21:48
why do large organisms need exchange systems?
because diffusion alone is not sufficient as they have a small surface area to volume ratio
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what is the word formular for respiration
glucose + oxygen = carbon-dioxide + water (and energy)
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how do humans breath in?
contraction of the diaphram and intercostal muscules lifts the rib cage up and out (pulling the plural membrane outwards), this invreases the volume inside the lungs and decreases the pressure. Air moves in from outside (high to low pressure)
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what is dead space?
air in airways where there is no gaseous exchange
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why will there allways be residual air in lungs
cartilage keeps trachea and bronchi open so they cant collapse completely
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where can exchange surfaces be found in human?
alveoli walls, small intestine
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where can exchange surfaces be found in plants
root hair
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what is the mechanism used to measure breathing
spirometer
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what removes CO2 from spirometers?
soda limb
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what is tidal volume?
change in volume for regular breaths
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what is Vital capacity?
range in volume from inspiratory reserve to expiratory reserve
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why is the cartilage in the Trachea C shape?
strong but flexible -allows for expansion, but prevents collaps
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what is the function of smoothe muscle in the air ways?
to contact so it can control air flow
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what is the function of elastic fibers in the air ways?
recoil to allow airways to dilate
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what is the function of cillated epithelium in the air ways?
cillia wafts mucus (with pathogens trapped) up to the throught to be swallowed (killed in stomache) or removed from body
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what is the function of goblet cells in the airways?
to secrete mucus (witch will trap pathogens)
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what is the order of airways?
Trachea, Bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli
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what is the alveoli walls made up of?
one cell thick, of squamous epithelial and surfactant cells
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why do alveoli need surfactant?
to reduce surface tension between alveoli (don't stick), allow oxygen to diffuse
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

what is the word formular for respiration

Back

glucose + oxygen = carbon-dioxide + water (and energy)

Card 3

Front

how do humans breath in?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

what is dead space?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

why will there allways be residual air in lungs

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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