Exchange and Enzymes

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  • Created by: jaydeep
  • Created on: 23-01-16 23:20
How is spermatozoa adapted to its function
Contains haploid nucleus for fertilisation 2 form dip zygote.Acrosome contains hydro enzymes to digest on outer layer of egg cell allowing cell to enter, mitochondria to provide energy released Atp for sperm to propel to egg cell micrtube 9+2 form
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How is Neutrophils adapted to its function explaining the functions
they have a multilobed nucleus+ main function is to engulf on bacteria+pathogens by phagocytosis and transported through use of chemotaxis & granular cytoplasm that contains digestive enzymes to engulf on bacteria ad microorganisms
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How is Erthrocytes adapted to its function and what are the function
7.5Um Bioconcave shape to provide a larger SA:V ration and hence allow a rapid diffuction of O2 and all the organells lost at diff t4 allow a larger cap of heamologobin t4 increa uptake O2 t4 allow more O2 to be transported around the body+flex
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Name three animal cells
Erythrocytes, Neutrophils and Spermatonzoa
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WHat are cofactors
are inorganic moleules/ions that help enzyme and substrate to bind together&allow the enzyme catalyse reactions to occur at an appropriate rate. They dont take part in reaction hence not change/used in any way - chloride ions are co for amalyse
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What are prosthetic groups
substances or ccofactors that are permanently bounded to enzyme via covalent bonds e.g zinc ions which is permanently bounded to carbonic anhydrase found in red blood cells they catalyse synthesis of H2O2 from co2 and h2o H2CO3 beaks into H+ and HCO
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What is an example of extracellular enzymes
ExtraEnzymes amily digestions -Amalyse is the break down of Starch into Maltose and is released in salv glands and produced in pancras released in lumen of small intestine . Trypsin catalyses hydrolysis of peptide bonds proteins-aminoacids pH 7.5-8.5
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What are examples of intracellular enzymes
Catase glob sythesise break down of toxic h2o2+ found in organisms exposed to o2 -produces O2+H2O - used to kill microbes when pathogen attacks and in eu cells found in vesicle called peroxisomes
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What is a metabolic pathway
Its a series of consecutive reactions that occur where every enzymes is catalysed by a specific enzyme to produce a specific product that will then go to act as another substrate.
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How does enzyme lower the activation energy
They lower the activation energy by bringing the substrate molecule close to the enzymes active site allowing temporary bonds to form easily.
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What are coenzymes
organic moecules that are chemically changed in a reaction and hence need to be recycled to return to original shape -they temporarily bind to enzymes active site
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What do ions (cofactors) do ?
certain ions may temproarilty bind to the substrate or eznyme to ease the formation of es complexes -somce co substrate and other changes charge distribution on surface of sub and eznyme allowing it to form temporarily bonds in es complexes easier
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Card 2

Front

How is Neutrophils adapted to its function explaining the functions

Back

they have a multilobed nucleus+ main function is to engulf on bacteria+pathogens by phagocytosis and transported through use of chemotaxis & granular cytoplasm that contains digestive enzymes to engulf on bacteria ad microorganisms

Card 3

Front

How is Erthrocytes adapted to its function and what are the function

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

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Name three animal cells

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

WHat are cofactors

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