Where an individual makes a selection from various options where the full info is often unavailable, so a judgement is needed
1 of 21
What is the definition of judgement?
An assessment of the likelihood of a given event occurring on the basis of incomplete info
2 of 21
What is the definition of cognitive bias?
A systematic error in thinking that impacts an individual's choices and judgements
3 of 21
What is the definition of a heuristic?
A rule of thumb that is easy to use and much used in judgement & decision making
4 of 21
When was the dual-process model proposed?
2005
5 of 21
What is the definition of system 1?
The operations of System 1 are typically fast, automatic, effortless, associative, implicit, and emotionally charged; they are also difficult to control or modify
6 of 21
According to Prospect Theory, people are more sensitive to _____ than to ____
Potential losses, potential gains
7 of 21
What is the definition of representative heuristic bias?
Where an individual makes a decision by comparing the present situation to it’s most representative mental prototype
8 of 21
What is the definition of availability heuristic bias?
Where an individual makes a decision based on how easily it can come to mind
9 of 21
What is the definition of confirmation bias?
When an individual prefers information that conforms to their existing beliefs and discounts evidence that does not conform
10 of 21
What is the definition of omission bias?
Where an individual prefers to risk harm through inaction compared to risking harm through action
11 of 21
What is the definition of anchoring effect?
When an individual tends to rely too heavily on the very first piece of information they learn
12 of 21
What is the definition of sunk-cost bias?
Where an individual continues to proceed with something despite investments in money, effort or time being made
13 of 21
What is the definition of planning bias (fallacy)?
Where an individual makes a decision based on overly optimistic forecasts of the outcomes of projects
14 of 21
What is the definition of functional fixedness?
A tendency to see objects as only working in a particular way
15 of 21
What is the definition of a problem?
When a living organism has a goal but doesn’t know how this goal can be reached
16 of 21
In Wallas’ Problem Solving Model (1926), what is the preparation stage?
Where the problem is first perceived & defined
17 of 21
In Wallas' Problem Solving Model (1926), what is the incubation stage?
Where the conscious & unconscious mind manipulate the problem (most important step)
18 of 21
In Wallas' Problem Solving Model (1926), what is the illumination stage?
Where an individual suddenly sees the idea, concept or solution to a problem (insight)
19 of 21
In Wallas' Problem Solving Model (1926), what is the verification stage?
Where an individual evaluates or tests the idea, concept or solution
20 of 21
What is the term for a frame of mind which involves an existing model for presenting a problem, problem context & procedure for problem solving?
Mental sets
21 of 21
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is the definition of judgement?
Back
An assessment of the likelihood of a given event occurring on the basis of incomplete info
Comments
No comments have yet been made