EXAM COG Problem Solving & Decision Making Qs

1. What is the definition of representative heuristic bias?

Where an individual prefers to risk harm through inaction compared to risking harm through action
Where an individual makes a decision by comparing the present situation to it’s most representative mental prototype
When an individual prefers information that conforms to their existing beliefs and discounts evidence that does not conform
Where an individual makes a decision based on how easily it can come to mind

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Where an individual continues to proceed with something despite investments in money, effort or time being made
When an individual tends to rely too heavily on the very first piece of information they learn
A tendency to see objects as only working in a particular way
Where an individual makes a decision based on overly optimistic forecasts of the outcomes of projects

Where an individual suddenly sees the idea, concept or solution to a problem (insight)
Where the conscious & unconscious mind manipulate the problem (most important step)
Where the problem is first perceived & defined
Where an individual evaluates or tests the idea, concept or solution

The operations of System 1 are typically fast, automatic, effortless, associative, implicit, and emotionally charged; they are also difficult to control or modify
The operations of System 2 are slower, serial (one at time), effortful, more likely to be consciously monitored and deliberately controlled; they are also relatively flexible and potentially rule-governed
A rule of thumb that is easy to use and are much used in judgement and decision making