effect of post-event info on accuracy of recall. Film of car accident. Verb change in question affected speed estimates (contacted, bumped, hit, collided, smashed)
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Yuille and Cutshall
effect of anxiety on accuracy of recall. Natural experiment - interviewed witnesses of real-life shooting. Recall not significantly affected and resisted leading questions despite high anxiety
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Loftus - effect of post-event info
effect of post event info. on accuracy of recall. Film of events before car accident. Leading question 'How fast was the white car going when it passed the barn' No barn. 17% experimental claimed saw barn, as did 3% control
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Geiselman
Strength of cognitive interview. Video of violent crime to 89 undergraduates. Interviewed by law enforcement. Recall of correct items higher in cognitive interview (41.5 compared to 29.4) but error rates similar
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Loftus and Burns
Strength of weapons focus phenomenon. Violent film of boy being shot in the face. Impaired recall for events before incident because anxiety
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Flin et al
Effect of age of witness on accuracy of recall. Staged incident. Questioned children and adults after 1 day and 5 months. Immediate recall both equally good. Children struggled with recall after delay
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Loftus - response to demand characteristic criticism
financial incentive to correctly recall details of the film. 70% still made error on question with misleading info. Recall still impaired despite elimination of 'screw you' effect
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Geiselman
weakness cognitive interview. Children under 6yrs less accurate (because couldn't understand instructions?) therefore limited in effectiveness on children
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Stein and Memon
Strength of Cognitive Interview. Tested in Brazil where method interrogative (incl. torture). Cognitive Interview increased the accuracy of information obtained. New method of interview in developing countries to reduce miscarriages justice
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Christianson and Hubinette
Strength Yuille and Cutshall. Surveyed 110 people witnesses/direct victims of bank robbery. Direct victims (more anxiety) more detailed recall than witnesses
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Poole and Lindsay
effect of age on accuracy of recall. Children participate in science demonstration then read story. Incorporated details of story into memory of demonstration. Older children managed to distinguish once asked to source monitor
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Kebbel et al
Weakness of Cognitive interview. Widespread UK survey. Police used Context Reinstatement and Recall Everything but not recall in Reverse Order or recall from a Changed Perspective because too time consuming and limited resources
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Anastasi and Rhodes
Effect of stimuli on results of memory recall experiments. 3 different age groups' ability to recall photos of people. All age groups used on all 3 groups ps. Young and middle-aged most accurate but all most accurate when tested on own age group
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Memon et al
Weakness Flin et al. Reworked with older age groups (16-33 and 60-82). 35 mins after age little effect on recall. After 1 week, older group significant decline
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Bower et al
Organisational Mnemonics. Ps to learn list of words. Experimental group organised into conceptual hierarchy, control group random. Experimental group recalled significantly more words
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Yuille and Cutshall
Back
effect of anxiety on accuracy of recall. Natural experiment - interviewed witnesses of real-life shooting. Recall not significantly affected and resisted leading questions despite high anxiety
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