Evolution and Genetics

?
  • Created by: beanie36
  • Created on: 14-05-18 21:34
Adaption
As a noun, any characteristic of an organism that improves its survival and reproduction in its local environment; as a verb, the process by which adaptions are produced.
1 of 27
Adaptionist stance
The strategy of assuming that the characteristics or behaviours displayed by an organism enhanced ancestral reproductive success, and forming hypotheses about how they did so.
2 of 27
Allele
An alternative form of a gene or other DNA sequence
3 of 27
Alloparenting
Parental care provided to offspring that are not the individual's own
4 of 27
Altruism
Behaviour that has a positive effect on another individual's RS at a cost to the actor's RS
5 of 27
Amino acid
Molecular building block of pro
6 of 27
Analogy
A common characteristic between species as a result of the shared environment (convergent evolution)
7 of 27
Anisogamy
Sexual reproduction involving gametes of different sizes
8 of 27
Asexual reproduction
Reproduction that does not involve the fusion of gametes from different individuals
9 of 27
Association study
A study in which the frequency of alleles is compared in a sample of individuals with/without a particular phenotypic characteristic
10 of 27
Australopithecines
Extinct homonins found in Africa between 4 and 1 million years ago
11 of 27
Baldwin effect
An interaction between learning and genetic evolution, in which the capacity of the animal to learn allows genetic adaptations to be selected for, which would not otherwise be able to evolve
12 of 27
Base
the nucleotide units in the DNA chain (ATCG)
13 of 27
Base pairing
the principle governing how bases on one strand of DNA bind to bases on the other
14 of 27
Bateman's principle
The principle that males gain more reproductive success from each additional mating partner than females do, and males have higher variance in RS
15 of 27
Brachiation
Locomotion through trees by swinging from the arms
16 of 27
Broad-sense heritability
A heritability estimate that includes all sources of genetic influence, that is additive, dominance and epistatic
17 of 27
Catarrhines
The monkeys and apes of the Old World
18 of 27
Central dogma of genetics
The idea that changes in DNA sequence can lead to changes in proteins, but changes in proteins cannot change the sequence of DNA
19 of 27
Chromosome
DNA-bearing structure in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells - consist of DNA wound around histone proteins
20 of 27
Classical conditioning
A form of associative learning where a response that was initially made to one stimulus comes to be made to another when repeatedly presented together
21 of 27
Co-dominant
Of two alleles, when one copy of each is present, both are expressed in the phenotype
22 of 27
Classical genetics
Genetics before the knowledge of DNA
23 of 27
Codon
A sequence of three adjacent bases in DNA or RNA that encodes a specific amino acid
24 of 27
Coefficient of additive genetic variance
A statistic estimating the amount of additive genetic variation in a population that affects a specific phenotypic trait
25 of 27
Coefficient of relatedness
The probability that the alleles which two individuals have at a locus are identical bby descent
26 of 27
Convergent evolution
The process whereby a similar characteristic evolves independently in different species due to the same selection pressures
27 of 27

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

The strategy of assuming that the characteristics or behaviours displayed by an organism enhanced ancestral reproductive success, and forming hypotheses about how they did so.

Back

Adaptionist stance

Card 3

Front

An alternative form of a gene or other DNA sequence

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Parental care provided to offspring that are not the individual's own

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Behaviour that has a positive effect on another individual's RS at a cost to the actor's RS

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Psychology resources:

See all Psychology resources »See all Evolution and Genetics resources »