Evil and Suffering

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What did Epicurus say?
"If God can remove evil, but does not, then he is malicious, but if he wants to remove evil, but can not, then he is impotent."
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What does Anthony Flew criticise?
The inclination of believers to qualify their faith by manipulating God's characteristics to justify suffering, rather than accepting there is a genuine problem that needs to be solved.
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What did C.S. Lewis argue?
Suffering creates character. God created the path of evil easy and the path of good difficult, so those who choose the good path are punished.
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How did Harper Lee describe C.S. Lewis?
"The greatest christian apologist of the twentieth century."
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What did Ric Machuga argue?
A world where people are forced to always be good and are essentially puppets would be worse than a world where people can freely choose good or evil.
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What is cosmic dualism?
The idea that good "ahura mazda" is in a constant battle with evil "angra mainyu". Evil is a destructive force designed to take down God's creative force.
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What is a privato boni?
Privation of good rather than presence of evil.
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What is Augustine's theodicy?
Mankind is directly responsible for evil...
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What is Irenaeus' theodicy?
God is partly responsible for evil. He created humans imperfectly.
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What is Augustine's book?
Confessions
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What is J.L. Mackie's book?
Evil and Omnipotence
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What did C.S. Lewis write?
The Problem of Pain
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What did Ric Machuga write?
No Thing is Evil
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What is John Hick's book called?
The Nature of Necessity
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What did John Hick argue?
Epistemic distance - Humans would be overwhelmed by knowledge of God's expectations. Also that if humans were created so we would always choose evil, we would be robots.
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What did Plantiga argue?
If we were made so we would always choose good, our choices would be predetermined, not genuine free will
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What did Mark Twain write?
Man's Place in the Animal World
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What did Mark Twain argue?
Mankind/animals, metaphysics, humans have knowledge of good and evil
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What is anthropomorphism?
Judging God in human terms, we should not think of God as either a morally good being or a morally bad being.
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Who described suffering and what as?
John Hick described evil and suffering as "the rock of atheism."
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How did David Hume define suffering?
"Physical pain, mental suffering and moral wickedness."
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What did Basil Mitchell argue?
"Believers must face the full force of the conflict."
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How did John Hick define suffering?
"Suffering is a perpetual burden of doubt for the believer and an obstacle of commitment for the unbeliever."
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What is the logical problem?
There's a logical contradiction in saying a perfectly created world had gone wrong. This would mean evil created itself ex nihilo, which is logically impossible. Evil is a real feature of the world so God must have something to do with it.
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What is the scientific problem?
Augustine's theodicy relies heavily on the creation story, so it is based on ancient and controversial theology, This contradicts evolution. If God's world created flaws from the outset, God must bear responsibility for evil.
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What does ex nihilo mean?
Out of nothing.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

The inclination of believers to qualify their faith by manipulating God's characteristics to justify suffering, rather than accepting there is a genuine problem that needs to be solved.

Back

What does Anthony Flew criticise?

Card 3

Front

Suffering creates character. God created the path of evil easy and the path of good difficult, so those who choose the good path are punished.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

"The greatest christian apologist of the twentieth century."

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

A world where people are forced to always be good and are essentially puppets would be worse than a world where people can freely choose good or evil.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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