Contain a nucleus surrounded by a nuclear membrane and a number of cell organelles also surrounded by membranes.
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Prokaryotic cells
Contrast with eukaryotic cells and are more primitive and have no membrane bound organelles or a true nucleus.
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Organelle: Nucleus
Contains DNA packed as chromosomes and is surrounded by a nuclear envelope (double membrane) containing pores. Function: carries genetic information, the genes code for proteins and it controls the activities of the cell.
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Organelle: Nucleolus
Dark stained area in nucleus. Function: protection of RNA and ribosomes.
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Organelle: Ribosome
Tiny organelle attached to endoplasmic reticulum or free in cytoplasm. Function: Site of protein synthesis and assembles amino acids into proteins.
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Organelle: Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)
Flattened membrane system within the cytoplasm and has ribosomes attached to its surface. Function: site of attachment for ribosomes and transports proteins to Golgi apparatus by forming vesicles.
Membrane systems without ribosomes attached. Function: produces and transports triglycerides, phospholipids and cholesterol.
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Organelle: Golgi apparatus
A stack of membrane-bound sacs. Function: processes proteins by modifying them and packaging them into vesicles.
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Organelle: Vesicles
Membrane bound sacs budded off from RER and Golgi apparatus. Function: contain proteins made in the cell and transport them around the cell or to the cell structure membrane.
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Organelle: Lysosome
Membrane sac contain digestie enzymes. Fucntion: enzymes dekstory old or damaged organelles, cells and engulfed bacteria.
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Organelle: mitochondria
Double membrane-bound organelle with enzymes attached. Function: Site of aerobic respiration and ATP production.
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Organelle: Cell surface membrane
Phospholipid bi layer around the outside of cell. Function: controls substances entering and leaving the cells (partially permeable).
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Organelle: Cytoskeleton
Protein microfilaments and microtubules in cytoplasm. Function: supports the cell and allows cell movement and movement of organelles within the cell.
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Palisade mesophyll cell
They are an example of a plant cell, are specialised for photosynthesis and are found in plant leaves.
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Only in plant cell: Cell wall
Outside of cell membrane, made of cellulose.
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Only in plant cell: Chloroplasts
Membrane- bound organelles and internal membrane forms grant stacks. Function: site of photosynthesis and only present in green plant cells.
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Only in plant cells: permanent vacuole
Surrounded by tonoplast (membrane around vacuole). Function: Stores water and solutes to keep cell stable and turgid.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Contrast with eukaryotic cells and are more primitive and have no membrane bound organelles or a true nucleus.
Back
Prokaryotic cells
Card 3
Front
Contains DNA packed as chromosomes and is surrounded by a nuclear envelope (double membrane) containing pores. Function: carries genetic information, the genes code for proteins and it controls the activities of the cell.
Back
Card 4
Front
Dark stained area in nucleus. Function: protection of RNA and ribosomes.
Back
Card 5
Front
Tiny organelle attached to endoplasmic reticulum or free in cytoplasm. Function: Site of protein synthesis and assembles amino acids into proteins.
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