Nuclear envelope, nuclear pores, nucleoplasm, chromosomes and nucleolus
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What are nuclear pores for?
They allow the passage of large molecules (messenger RNA) out of the nucleus. Each pore is 40nm-100nm in diameter.
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What is the nucleolus?
A small spherical region within the nucleoplasm that manufactures ribosomal RNA and assembles ribosomes
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What are mitochondria for?
Between 1-10 micrometres in length, they are the sites of aerobic respiration and responsibe for the production of ATP.
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What are cristae?
Extensions of the inner membrane in mitochondria which provide a large SA for the attachment of enzymes and other proteins involved in respiration.
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What does the matrix do?
Contains proteins, lipids, ribosomes and DNA which allows mitochondria to control the production of their own proteins. Many enzymes involved in respiration are found here.
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What does the S.E.R do?
Synthesises, stores and transports lipids and carbohydrates.
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Function of the R.E.R?
Provides large SA for synthesis of proteins and glycoproteins. Provides pathway for transport of materials throughout the cell.
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What happens in the golgi apparatus?
Proteins and lipids produced by the ER are passed through here in a strict sequence. The golgi modifies the proteins, often adding non - protein componants. It lables the proteins so that they can be sorted and sent off to their correct destinations.
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What are lysosomes?
They are like the cell's dust-bin. They digest worn out organelles and break down cells once they've died.
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What are 80S ribosomes?
These are ribosomes found in eukaryotic cells and are roughly 25nm in diameter.
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What are 70S ribosomes?
These are found in prokaryotic cells, mitochondria and chloroplasts. They are slightly smaller than 80S ribosomes.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Name the structures inside a nucleus
Back
Nuclear envelope, nuclear pores, nucleoplasm, chromosomes and nucleolus
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