Ethics

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Evolution
The idea that over millions of years creatures can change to fit into their environment
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The Big Bang Theory
The theory that everything in the universe exploded from one point in space and this was the point of creation
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Intelligent design
The idea that certain features of life are best explained by an intelligent cause rather than an undirected process, such as natural selection
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Environmental sustainability
Ensuring that the demands placed on natural resources can be met without reducing the capacity to support all life now and in the future
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Hukam
Will and order
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Sanctity of life
The idea that God createdecah individual person and made them unique in their own right
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Abortion
Killing an unborn foetus
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Indirect abortion
When the foetus is removed as it could cause harm to the mother, such as an ectopic pregnancy
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Euthanasia
The act of bringing about an easy and painless death
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Voluntary euthanasia
When a person asks for help to die themself
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Non voluntary euthanasia
When a person can’t ask for help to die but their quality of life is so poor that the decision is made for them
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Involuntary euthanasia
When death is forced on a person such as the death penalty
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Active euthanasia
When a person takes a specific course of action to end their life e.g. by taking an overdose
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Passive euthanasia
When life sustaining treatment is removed because it is believed that the patient would have wished for a dignifies death or if there is no hope of recovery
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Hospice
A place where people with terminal illnesses can go to die with dignity.p
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Palliative care
Care that focuses on relieving pain and suffering
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Soul
The spiritual aspects of a human body
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Dualism
The belief that we are made of two separate parts ie. a physical body and a spiritual body
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Materialism
The view that nothing exists apart from matter
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Eulogy
A speech used to tell people about a persons life at a funeral
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Crematorium
A building where bodies are cremated
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Requiem
Something recited for the dead
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Vigil
Staying awake through the night in prayer
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Wake
A watch held over the body the night before the burial
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Morality
Principles and standards, determining which actions are right or wrong
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Conscience
An inner voice which keeps a person on the right track
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Free will
A human’s ability to make free choices in life
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Wrong
Any act or behaviour which goes against accepted moral, religious or ethical codes
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Absolute morality
When a person has a principle such as ‘it is wrong to kill’ and never alters it
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Relative morality
When a person holds a moral principle but is prepared to adapt it in a certain circumstance
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Crime
Any offence that is punishable by law
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Sin
A deliberate immoral action, breaking a religious or moral law
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Protection
Punishment often aims to protect more people from becoming the victims of crime
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Retribution
Revenge or ‘getting even’ with a person who has committed a crime means that the criminal suffers just as they have made others suffer
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Deterrence
To put people off commuting crime
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Reformation
Addresses the causes of crime and the reasons behind it. Reforming or rehabilitating criminals helps them understand why they committed an offence
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Vindication
Through effective punishment the government and law can prove that it deserves respect and should be followed
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Reparation
Repairing the damage done through crime
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Utilitarianism
Teaches that we should do what is going to create the most happiness for the greatest number
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Justice
Fairness. It means that a criminal in caught, given a fair trial and given a punishment which fits the crime and allows the victim to feel satisfied
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Capital punishment
Any punishment which takes away the criminals life
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Capital offence
A crime which can be punished by the death penalty
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Amnesty
Opposes the death penalty
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Forgiveness
To grant pardon for a wrong doing
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Reconciliation
Accepting an apology, forgiving and moving on
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Evil
That which is considered extremely immoral, wicked and wrong
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Original sin
Catholic’s believe that we are born into the world with some sin due to Adam and Eve’s actions
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The nuclear family
Consists of a mum, dad and one or more children
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The single parent family
Families where children are bought up by one parent
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The adoptive family
Families where children have been adopted
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The same sex family
Families where the parents are both of the same sex
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The extended family
Parents, children, grandparents, aunts and uncles living as a unit or very near to each other
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The reconstituted family
Where two sets of children become part of one family when their parents marry
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The childless family
A family with no children
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Cohabitation
Living together without being married
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Divorce
Legal ending of a marriage
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Marriage
The conduction of two people legally united for the purpose of living together and usually having children
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Commitment
Sense of obligation and responsibility
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Contraception
Methods used to prevent pregnancy
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Adultery
Sex between a married person and someone other than their marriage partner
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Gender equality
Giving people of all genders equal rights and opportunities
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Agape
Unconditional love
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Eros
Sexual and romantic love
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Philia
Love of family and friends
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Storge
Love of things
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Anand Karaj
Sikh word for marriage - the ceremony of bliss
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Annulment
The declaration of the pope that the marriage did not exist
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Abortifacients
Contraceptives which destroys a fertilised egg
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Prejudice
Believing some people are inferior or superior without even knowing them
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Discrimination
Treating people unfairly because of their race, colour, gender, class, age etc.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

The theory that everything in the universe exploded from one point in space and this was the point of creation

Back

The Big Bang Theory

Card 3

Front

The idea that certain features of life are best explained by an intelligent cause rather than an undirected process, such as natural selection

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Ensuring that the demands placed on natural resources can be met without reducing the capacity to support all life now and in the future

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Will and order

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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