Problems that arise when there is conflict between the rights of the participants and the goals of the study.
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Informed Consent
Making participants aware of the aims, procedures, their rights within the research; so they can make an informed decision as to whether to participate.
2 of 18
Deception
Deliberately misleading or withholding information from participants during a study.
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Protection from harm
Ensuring participants are placed any more physical or psychological risk than they would be in an everyday life situation.
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Privacy
The right to control information about themselves.
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Confidentiality
The right to have personal data protected.
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British Psychological Society (BPS) Code of Ethics
A document protected by the law which instructs British psychologists on what is acceptable when dealing with participants.
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Ethical Guidelines
Codes used by organisations and groups to define are morally right and wrong.
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Ethics Committee
A group of people responsible for judging the morality or costs and benefits of a piece of research. Decide if it should go ahead and be published.
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Cost-benefit approach
Weighing up the costs (cons) and the benefits (pros) of a research before deciding if it is worthwhile.
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How to deal with informed consent?
Give participants a consent letter or form to agree to and sign; under 16's need parental consent.
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Presumptive consent
Asking a group similar to the sample, if the study is acceptable.
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Prior general consent
Asking the participants to consent to a number of studies which include deception; so the participants have agreed to be deceived.
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Retrospective consent
Asking participants for consent after they have taken part in the study (during debriefing).
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Debreifing
Making participants aware of the true aims and other details which were not supplied during the study.
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Right to withhold data
Participants must be told what their data will be used for and giving the opportunity to hold back their data.
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Counselling
Participants must be reassured that that their behaviour was normal and offered therapy if they experienced extreme stress or embarrassment.
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Anonymity
Not recording or publishing personal details, i.e. using numbers rather than names.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Making participants aware of the aims, procedures, their rights within the research; so they can make an informed decision as to whether to participate.
Back
Informed Consent
Card 3
Front
Deliberately misleading or withholding information from participants during a study.
Back
Card 4
Front
Ensuring participants are placed any more physical or psychological risk than they would be in an everyday life situation.
Back
Card 5
Front
The right to control information about themselves.
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