Essential INFO2 Knowledge

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  • Created by: IAN
  • Created on: 18-03-17 19:38
Briefly describe these three stages involved in a system
Inputting data into a system  Process is what happens to the data that turns it into information Output is the information that is produced from the processing of the data
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Differences between a system and an ICT system
A system is the activity of input, processing and output. While a ICT system uses digital technology to output information to humans.
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6 Components of an ICT system
Data, Hardware , Software , Information ,Procedures , People
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Methods of data capture
Keyboard Touchscreen Sensors Mouse Microphone
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Indirect Data Capture
Indirect data capture is the gathering of data that has been used for another purpose
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Direct Data Capture
Gathering of data for a specific purpose
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Explain what is meant by the coding of data
Coding is assigning a code to represent data
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Data
Raw facts and figures which require processing by a computer system
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Information
Data which has been processed and given a purpose to enable it to be understood and useable
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Attributes of good quality information
 Accurate  Relevant  Up-to-date  Complete  Reliable
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Factors to be taken into consideration when designing a user interface for a system.
Experience , Physical characteristics , Age , Task , Environment
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Options available for staff training
 Training videos  Books  Online training
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Job roles in ICT
 Database developer  Web developer  IT support roles  Programmer  Systems analyst
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Attributes which are desirable when working in ICT
 Good written communication skills  Good verbal communication skills  Teamwork  Willingness to work flexible hours  Problem-solving skills  Patience
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Differences between a (LAN) and a (WAN).
LAN covers small areas and WAN covers large areas . LAN is used within organisationss and WAN are used as global networks e.g. Internet
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What is the TCP/IP protocol used for?
Controlling the transmission of data
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De Jure Standards
Introduced by a committee and are legally binding e.g (TCP/IP)
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De Facto Standards
Standards that are merely widely adopted because of precedence or popularity of a particular product (PDF)
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How data should be treated under the Data Protection Act
It should not be stored for longer than it is needed , Must be kept secure , People whose information it is must be able to see what data is held about them and be able to correct it
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What does FAST stand for and what do they do?
Federation Against Software Theft - Organisation that supports the legal use of software
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What is hacking?
Unauthorised access to data on a computer system
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Software licences that can be used to the Copyright Act
Site , Network , Single user and Multi user
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3 Types of back up
Full backup , Differential backup , Incremental backup
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What is a Full Backup?
All the data gets backed up every time.
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What is a Differential backup?
Backs up only the files that have changed since the last full backup.
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What is an Incremental backup?
Backs up files which have changed since the last backup.
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Factors that should be considered when determining
Frequency , Timing , Media , Location , Responsibility , Testing
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What is RAID and why is it used?
Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks - It stores the same data on more than one disk so that if one breaks the data is still available
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What ICT can provide
 Fast, repetitive processing  Vast storage capacity  Search and combine data facilities  Improved presentation of information  Improved accessibility of information and services  Improved security of data and processes
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Possible reasons for the failure of an ICT system
Little or no end-user involvement  The system does not meet the requirements of the organisation  Rushed implementation of the system  Problems due to insufficient system testing  Inadequate hardware  Compatibility issues between systems
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Three main types of processing
Batch Processing ,Transaction processing , Interactive processing
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Batch Processing
All the data to be processed is collected before the processing begins, and is processed as a single operation.
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Transaction processing
When the data is processed at once.
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Interactive processing
The user responds to prompts from the system to supply the required data. Interactive processing takes place one transaction at a time.
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Interaction between users and ICT systems
Consistency , Layout and structure , User Differentiation , Clarity , Help and Support
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Consistency
Similarity in application e.g. tax form
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Layout and structure
Is the interface clean or cluttered?
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User Differentiation
Experience of the user and age
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Clarity
Is it clear?
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Help and support
Using wizards as a guide
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Differences between a system and an ICT system

Back

A system is the activity of input, processing and output. While a ICT system uses digital technology to output information to humans.

Card 3

Front

6 Components of an ICT system

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Methods of data capture

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Indirect Data Capture

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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