Episodic and Semantic Memory.

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How many parts can Long-term memory (LTM) be split into, and what are these?
Three. (procedural, semantic and episodic).
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What are procedural memories? (Include example)
Knowing how to do something, e.g riding a bike
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What are semantic memories? (Include example)
General knowledge e.g the capital of England is London
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What are episodic memories? (Include example)
Personal recollections, e.g Your wedding
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Who developed the theory of Episodic and Semantic memory?
Tulving
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In what year was the theory of Episodic and Semantic memory developed?
1972
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What did Tulving say each store was different in terms of? (4 points)
The nature of and associations between stores, Time and spatial referencing, The nature of recalling memories in the stores, The independence of each store.
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What is the difference between episodic and semantic memories in terms of the nature of each store?
Episodic is a mental diary. Semantic as a mental encyclopedia.
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What is the difference between episodic and semantic memories in terms of time and spatial referencing?
Episodic memory is dependant on time and spatial referencing, e.g stored when they occurred. Semantic memories aren't, recalled without reference to when/where it was learned.
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What is the difference between episodic and semantic memories in terms of the nature of recalling memories?
Episodic, only possible if the information had been encoded and stored, context aids retrieval. Semantic, context doesn't aid retrieval, relatively resistant to change
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What is the difference between episodic and semantic memories in terms of the independance of each store?
Episodic memory is like ly to operate with semantic memory, we need to draw knowledge in order to understand the events. Semantic can operate independantly of episodic memory.
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What are two supporting studies for episodic and semantic memories being two different stores?
Tulving (1989) and Bower et al (1969).
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Describe Tulving (1989) and how it supports Tulving (1972).
Brain scans on 6 ppts, found different areas of the brain were active when using episodic and semantic memory.
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Describe Bower et al. (1969) and how it supports Tulving (1972).
Recall of 112 words better when presented in categories opposed to randomly. It supports as it suggests that there is a semantic memory component.
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What is an opposing study for episodic and semantic memory?
Squire and Zole (1998).
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Describe Squire and Zole (1998) and how it opposes?
Suggested that medial temporal lobe is used for both semantic and episodic memories. Goes against as it suggests they aren't separate stores.
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Card 2

Front

What are procedural memories? (Include example)

Back

Knowing how to do something, e.g riding a bike

Card 3

Front

What are semantic memories? (Include example)

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What are episodic memories? (Include example)

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Who developed the theory of Episodic and Semantic memory?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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