Enzymes

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  • Created by: sarah
  • Created on: 26-05-14 14:23
what does lactase do?
it turns lactose into glucose and galactose (so it can be used in lose free milk)
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what does catalase do?
breaks down hydrogen peroxide (wich is posionus) into H2O and Oxygen
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what does ATPase do?
breaks down ATP into ADP and a prosthetic group, this releases energy
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what does maltase do?
breaks down maltose into 2 glucose molecules
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explain the lock and key hypothosis
the tritiary structure of the enzyme is in such a way that the shape of the active site is complimentry to the shape of the substrate, this creates an enzyme substrate complex wich holds substrate in place for the reaction
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explain the induced fit hypothesis
an enzyme will change shape slightly making the active site fit better around substrate (enzyme substrate complex). this puts strain on substrate, destableising molecule and making it easier to break bonds (reduces activation energy, enzyme-product
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what are cofactors?
inorganic substances that fit in the active site or onto substrate that allows enzyme substrate to form
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what are coenzymes?
organic substances wich take part in a reaction, usually by transfering reactants between enzymes, and activate enzymes allowing them to function
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what factors effect enzymes?
temperature, pH,substrate and enzyme concentration
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why do enzymes have an optimum pH?
the concentration of H+ ions effects its shae, as they cluster around negetivly charged r groups and interfiere with hydrogen and ionic bonds, increasing or decreasing the concentration can alter bonds and shape of active site and enzyme,
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why do enzmes become denatured at temperatures above optimum,
active site changes shape as vibrations put strains on bonds and break them
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what are inhibitors?
substances that reduce the activity of an enzyme
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how do competitive inhibitors work?
being similar shapes to subtrates they fit into active site and prevent formation of enzyme substrate complexes
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how do non competitive inhibitors work?
attach to enzyme and distort its tertiary structure causing enzymes to no longer fit
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what do poisons do to enzymes
inhibit or over activate enzymes
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

what does catalase do?

Back

breaks down hydrogen peroxide (wich is posionus) into H2O and Oxygen

Card 3

Front

what does ATPase do?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

what does maltase do?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

explain the lock and key hypothosis

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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