Structural components of tissues such as muscles, hormones such as insulin, biological catalysts (speed up reactions)
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What are catalysts?
Chemicals which speed up reactions, not used up in reaction, can be used repeatedly
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Enzymes
Biological catalysts, proteins folded into complex, specific shaes that alow smaller molecules to fit into them
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Active site
The place where substrate molecules fit
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What are enzymes involved in?
Breaking down large molecules into smaller molecules, building larger molecules from smaller molecules, change one molecule into another
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Amylase
Converts starch to sugars.Made in salivary gland,pancreas and small intestine. Works in mouth and small intestine.
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Protease
Converts proteins into amino acids. Mande in the stomach, pancreas and small intestine. Works in the stomach and small intestine
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Lipase
Lipids to fatty acids. Made in the pancreas and small intestine. Workis in the small intestine.
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Bile
Neutralises hydrochloric acid in the stomach as too acidic for enzymes too work i the small intestine-conditiions alkaline. Emulsifies fats breaks down fats into tiny droplets bigger surface area of fat for lipase enzyme to work on- digestion faster
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Salivary Gland
Produce amylase enzyme in the saliva
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Stomach
Pummels food with its muscular walls. Produces the protease enzyme, pepsin. Produces hydrochloric acid to; kill bacteria, give the right pH for the enzyme to work.
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Liver
Where bile is produced. Bile neutralises and emulsifies fats.
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Gall bladder
Where bile is stored, before released into the small intestine
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Pancreas
Produces protease, amylase, lipase enzymes. Releases these into small intestine
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Small intestine
Produces protease, lipase, amylase enzymes to complete digestion. Dgested food absorbed out of the digestive system into the blood
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Large Intestine
Where excess water is absorbed from the food
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Rectum
Where the faeces (made up of mainly indigestible food) are stored before they come out of the anus
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Chemicals which speed up reactions, not used up in reaction, can be used repeatedly
Back
What are catalysts?
Card 3
Front
Biological catalysts, proteins folded into complex, specific shaes that alow smaller molecules to fit into them
Back
Card 4
Front
The place where substrate molecules fit
Back
Card 5
Front
Breaking down large molecules into smaller molecules, building larger molecules from smaller molecules, change one molecule into another
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