A substance which increases the speed of a reaction without being changed or used up in reaction
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Enzymes reduce the need for ...?
High tempretures
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What are all enzymes?
Proteins
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What are all proteins made up from?
Chains of amino acids, which are folded into unique shapes which enables them to do their jobs
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Are enzymes specific or non specific?
VERY specific
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Chemical reactions usually involve things being...
split apart or joined together
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What is a substrate?
A molecule which is changed in a reaction
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Every enzyme has an active what?
Active site - where the substrate joins onto the enzyme
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How many reactions does an enzyme usually spped up?
1 because for an enzyme to work the substrate has to be the correct shape to fit in the active site
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What is the lock and key theory?
for an enzyme to work the substrate has to be the correct shape to fit in the active site
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A higher tempreture usually....
increases the rate of reaction because more heat means the enzyme and the substrate particles have more energy, making then move about more and therefore they have a higher collision rate
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What happens with low tempretures?
Lower collision rate, slower reaction
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If it gets too hot some bonds holding the enzyme together will break, which?
causes the enzyme to lose its shape which means the active site no longer fits the substrate which means it can not catalyse the reaction
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The change in shape is ?
irreversible, the enzyme is denatured
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What is optimum temperature? and what is the optimum temperature for the most important human enzymes?
- when the reaction goes fastest , without being too hot so it denatures. - 37 degrees celcius
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is a catalyst?
Back
A substance which increases the speed of a reaction without being changed or used up in reaction
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