Enzymes 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyBiological molecules, organic chemistry and biochemistryASEdexcel Created by: Corrine SCreated on: 11-05-13 14:31 Anabolic Reactions Reactions that build up new chemicals 1 of 18 Catabolic Reacton Reactions that break down substances 2 of 18 Metabolism The combination of anabolic and catabolic reactions 3 of 18 Metabolic Chain A sequence of metabolic reactions otherwise known as PATHWAY 4 of 18 Catalyst Substance that speeds up reaction without changing the substances produced. Enzymes are biological catalysts 5 of 18 Specificity When an enzyme catalyse only a specific reaction or group of reactions 6 of 18 Intracellular Enzymes An enzyme that is inside a cell that must be activated by a specific molecule 7 of 18 Extracellular Enzymes an enzyme such as a digestive enzyme that functions outside the cell it originates 8 of 18 Substrate A molecule upon which an enzyme acts 9 of 18 Activation Energy The energy that must be overcome in order for a chemical reaction 10 of 18 Lock and Key Hypothesis The lock is the equivalent to that of an enzyme while the key represents the substrate 11 of 18 Active Site An area within an enzyme, it has a specific shape to allow certain substrates to fit the gap 12 of 18 Induced - Fit Hypothesis The idea that the enzyme molecule chnges shape when it encounters the substrate, so that it can bind more effectively 13 of 18 Globular Proteins Have complex tertiary and quaternery structures. Any protein whose polypeptide chains are folded so as to give the molecule a rounded shape 14 of 18 Molecular Activity / Turnover Number Measures the number of substrate molecules transformed per minute by a single enzyme molecule 15 of 18 Temperature coefficent, Q10 Rate of reaction at (X+10) °C / Rate of reaction at X°C 16 of 18 Denature To induce structural alterations that disrupt the biological activity of a molcule 17 of 18 Thermophilic Organisms that favour an environment where temperature is abnormally high 18 of 18
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