Structural components of tissues such as muscles, hormones, antibodies, catalysts.
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What is the definition of an enzyme?
A biological enzyme, made of proteins.
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What do high temperatures do to enzymes?
Causes them to denature and change shape.
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What is the optimum pH values for enzymes?
It varies. Different enzymes work best at different pH's.
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What is the function of the enzyme Amylase and where is it produced?
Produced in the salivary glands, the pancreas and the small intestine. Amylase catalyses the breakdown of starch into sugars in the mouth and small intestine.
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What is the function of the enzyme Protease and where is it produced?
Produced in the stomach, pancreas and small intestine. Protease catalyses the breakdown of proteins into amino acids in the stomach and small intestine.
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What is the function of the enzyme Lipase and where is it produced?
It is produced by the pancreas and small intestine. Lipase catalyses the breakdown of lipids (fats and oils) into fatty acids and glycerol in the small intestine.
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What is the name of the acid produced by the stomach?
Hydrochloric acid.
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Where is bile produced? Where is it stored? What is the function of bile?
The liver. It is stored in the gall bladder before being released into the small intestine. Bile neutralises the acid that was added to food in the stomach.
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What does the neutralisation (using bile) enable for the conditions of the small intestine?
Alkaline conditions are the optimum conditions for the enzymes in the small intestine to work most efficiently.
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What enzymes do most biological detergent contain?
Protein-digesting and fat-digesting enzymes (protease and lipase)
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What is the ideal condition for biological detergents?
Low temperatures.
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What enzyme is used in most baby food?
Protease
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What enzyme is used to convert starch into sugar syrup?
Carbohydrase
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What enzyme is used to convert glucose syrup into fructose syrup? And why is fructose so useful?
Isomerase. And because fructose is much sweer amd therefore smaller quantities can be used in slimming foods.
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Why are enzymes used in industry?
Because enzymes enable reactions to take place at normal temperatures amd pressures which enables less money to spent on energy for heating etc. Although many enzymes are very costly to produce.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What 4 functions do proteins act as?
Back
Structural components of tissues such as muscles, hormones, antibodies, catalysts.
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