ENZYMES (biological molecules)

?
what is an enzyme?
enzymes are globular proteins used in metabolic activities (reactions)
1 of 13
what is a catabolic reaction?
the substrate is broken down to smaller products.
2 of 13
what is an anabolic reaction?
the substrates are combined to produce a larger product.
3 of 13
what is metabolism?
this refers to all the reactions of the body. Metabolism is a combination of catabolic (hydrolysis) and anabolic (condensation) reactions that are catalysed by enzymes.
4 of 13
what is a substrate?
the specific reactant molecule.
5 of 13
what is an active site?
place on enzyme where substrate binds (fits). Correct, complementary shape for substrate molecule.
6 of 13
what is the lock and key model?
Has a static active site, Molecules fit into active site where chemical change occurs
7 of 13
what is the induced fit model?
Molecules are flexible, and change shape when an appropriate molecule binds to an active site.
8 of 13
what is an enzyme substrate complex?
Intermediate structure formed during an enzyme-catalysed reaction in which the substrate and enzyme bind temporarily.
9 of 13
what are the 4 factors which affect enzyme reaction?
-substrate concentration - enzyme concentration -temperature - pH
10 of 13
What is an competitive inhibitor?
A Competitive inhibitor takes the substrate(s) place in the active site so substrate(s) cannot enter the enzyme active site. It will eventually be released but, for the time it is in the active site substrate cannot bind.
11 of 13
what is non active site directed inhibition?
The inhibitor binds to an allosteric site (another site on the enzyme); this alters the shape of the entire enzyme (as it affects the protein shape) and therefore also the active site.
12 of 13
what do enzymes do?
Speeds up a reaction. Is not used up. Are not changed by the reaction. Have a high turn-over (They catalyse many reactions per second)
13 of 13

Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

what is a catabolic reaction?

Back

the substrate is broken down to smaller products.

Card 3

Front

what is an anabolic reaction?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

what is metabolism?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

what is a substrate?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

Comments

No comments have yet been made

Similar Human Biology resources:

DNA
See all Human Biology resources »See all enzymes resources »