Enzymes 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyEnzymes and digestionGCSEEdexcel Created by: TillyGarfootCreated on: 30-03-19 17:55 Carbohydrase Made in the salivary gland, digests carbohydrates and produces simple sugars like glucose 1 of 23 Protease Made in the stomach, digests proteins and produces amino acids 2 of 23 Lipase Produced in the pancreas or small intestine, digests fats and produces fatty acids and glycerol 3 of 23 Digestion The breakdown of food; mechanical digestion breaks down food into smaller pieces ready for chemical digestion by enzymes 4 of 23 Denatured When enzymes are exposed to conditions away from their optimum, they become denatured 5 of 23 Lock and key Theory which is used to describe enzyme action 6 of 23 Enzyme A protein that acts as a catalyst, speeding up reactions, they break down large molecules into smaller ones 7 of 23 Genetic Engineering This involves transferring alleles or genes from one organism to another 8 of 23 Genetically modified organisms Can contain genes from the same or different species 9 of 23 Genetic modification Can be used instead of selective breading to obtain desirable characteristics 10 of 23 Restriction enzymes Cut specific pieces of DNA from one organism 11 of 23 Ligase enzymes Join the cut pieces of DNA into a gap in the DNA of another organism 12 of 23 Plasmid Small ring of additional DNA 13 of 23 Vector A vehicle used to carry foreign DNA into an organism 14 of 23 Recombinant DNA A new gene can be inserted into the plasmid to form recombinant DNA and the bacteria then produces the protein for which the gene codes 15 of 23 Protein synthesis The process where proteins are made 16 of 23 Codon Three bases in a triplet 17 of 23 Anticodon Complimentary to the codon 18 of 23 Polypeptide Chain of amino acids (a protein) 19 of 23 Food test - Starch Iodine, turns blue/black 20 of 23 Food test - Glucose Benedictus Solution, turns brick red 21 of 23 Food test - Proteins Blurted Solution, turns lilac 22 of 23 Food test - Fats Ethanol, turns milky 23 of 23
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