Enzymes

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  • Created by: Massu786
  • Created on: 13-11-17 19:24
How do enzymes speed up chemical reaction?
by lowering the activation energy so reactions take place at a lower temperature
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What is the lock and key model?
the substrate will only fit the active site of one particular enzyme and the shape of the substrate exactly fits the active site
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What is the induced fit model?
When the substrate binds to the active site it causes it to change shape slightly
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How does enzyme properties relate to their tertiary structure?
active site shape is determined by the tertiary structure, which makes it specific so that only one complimentary substrate will fit
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How does temperature affect enzymes?
increase in kinetic energy, more effective collisions so more enzyme substrate complexes. To high temp causes hydrogen bonds to break changing shape of active site eventually causing the enzyme to denature
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How does pH affect enzymes?
all enzymes have an optimum pH, a change in pH alters the charges on the active site and could cause hydrogen and ionic bond that hold the enzymes tertiary structure to break causing the enzyme to denature.
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How does enzyme concentration affect the rate of reaction?
as long as there is an excess of substrate, increasing enzyme conc increasing rate of reaction because it leads to more E-S complexes forming.
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How does substrate concentration affect the rate of reaction?
higher the substrate concentration the faster the reaction because more collisions and E-S complexes form, until a point where all the active sites are full where adding more substrate will have no effect
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How does competitive inhibition work?
competitive inhibitor has a similar shape to the substrate and compete to bind with the enzyme active site, they block the active site stopping E-S complexes forming. The effect depends on whether the substrate or inhibitor has a higher concentration
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How does non competitive inhibition work?
non competitive inhibitor binds to the enzyme and changes the shape of the active site so the substrate molecules an no longer bind to it
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is the lock and key model?

Back

the substrate will only fit the active site of one particular enzyme and the shape of the substrate exactly fits the active site

Card 3

Front

What is the induced fit model?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

How does enzyme properties relate to their tertiary structure?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How does temperature affect enzymes?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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