Enzyme action and rates of reaction

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Why do we need catalysts in our body?
As without them, every chemical reaction in a living thing would proceed far too slowly.
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Fill in the gaps: Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up reaction both inside cells (___0) and outside cells (__).Intracellular reactions include all those involved in ___, such as peptide bond formation. Extracellular includes ___
Intracellular, Extracellular, protein synthesis. digestion and decomposition by bacteria.
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Enzymes are what type of proteins?
Globular
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Enzymes are 3D. What is the name for the part the structure that is actually used.
It's active site
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true or false? Any shaped molecule can fit into any enzyme's active site.
False - an enzyme is designed for a specific substrate.
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What is the lock and key theory?
The theory that a complementary shaped enzyme closely interacts with it's substrate.
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What is the induced fit theory?
Similar to the Lock and Key Theory, however the substrate may induce the enzyme into the correct shape.
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A substrate may collide with an enzyme's active site during random movement. Once the 'enzyme substrate complex' has formed, what then happens to result in the enzyme releasing new products?
Charged groups attract, distorting the substrate and aiding bond breakage or formation..
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To start a reaction, bonds need to be broken. What are the two ways that this can be done?
Adding heat energy or adding a catalyst.
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The addition of enzymes reduces the activation energy needed for a reaction to happen meaning far more molecules are able to react. What are the two ways enzymes decrease the activation energy?
1. Assisting the breaking or making of bonds as charged groups in the active site interact and distort the shape of the substrate(s). 2. Creating a pH within the active site which makes the reaction more likely.Wh
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Why is the relationship between Absorbance and enzyme concentration not directly proportional?
Increasing the concentration of enzymes will increase the absorbance, as more collisions are happening. But a point will be reached where every molecule of substrate is occupied by an enzyme. After this point, adding will not make a difference.
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What is the difference between the time of an enzyme reaction and the rate of an enzyme reaction?
The rate should express the amount of substrate used or product produced in unit time, it is proportional to 1/time
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In measuring the initial rate of an enzyme reaction, state four factors which sho8uld be controlled if you are tying to investigate the effect of changing substrate concentrations.
Enzyme concentration, temperature, pH, volume of solutions.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Fill in the gaps: Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up reaction both inside cells (___0) and outside cells (__).Intracellular reactions include all those involved in ___, such as peptide bond formation. Extracellular includes ___

Back

Intracellular, Extracellular, protein synthesis. digestion and decomposition by bacteria.

Card 3

Front

Enzymes are what type of proteins?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Enzymes are 3D. What is the name for the part the structure that is actually used.

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

true or false? Any shaped molecule can fit into any enzyme's active site.

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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