A group of similar organisms that interbreed to produce fertile offspring
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What is a population?
All individuals in a species living in one area
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What is a community?
Populations of all species together in an area.
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What is an ecosystem?
Community of organisms, their relationships and interaction with abiotic factors
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What is a habitat?
Place where organisms live
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What is a niche?
Role a species plays in its habitat
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What is a biome?
Large geographical location with particular climatic features
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What is the biosphere?
Part of the planet that is inhabited by living organisms
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What is the main factor controlling birth rates?
Natural reproductive potential of the species
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What is the is the equation for population size?
Starting population + births +immigrants -deaths -emigrants
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What factors effect mortality rates?
Environmental factors, density independent factors-drought, food. Density dependent factors- food, disease
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What is the carrying capacity?
Maximum population size that can be supported without damaging/over exploiting
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How do you estimate the total number of species that exist?
The reduction in the ease with which new species can be found can be used to estimate the total number of species that exist
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What are temporal changes?
Ecological succession
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What is primary succession?
Sequence of changes in community composition. Starting when its colonised for the first time. Sequence is called a sere and continues until climax community develops. The species that colonise change abiotic factors, allowing new species to colonise
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What is a hydrosere?
Succession that begins with water.
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What happens?
Water colonised by single cell algae, rooted plants colonise lake edges, more plants=more animals because food & shelter. Plants grow and die, lake gradually fills in. Deeper water becomes shallow enough for rooted plants. Aquatic species disappear.
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How can the development of the lithosphere change ecosystems?
Development of community on bare rock from events such as volcanic eruption
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What's secondary succession?
The changes that occur in an area that has already reached climax. Natural & human events can remove climax community. Succession will start again but faster.
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What is a plagioclimax?
If human activities that destroyed it continue, then a new community of species will develop
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