English Language - general terminology

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  • Created by: Jessy99
  • Created on: 28-02-18 18:54
common/concrete noun
a name for a thing that you can touch
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Abstract noun
a name for an idea, concept, state or being or belief (you cannot touch)
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Proper noun
a name for a specific example of a common noun (e.g names)
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Verb
an action or process/a 'doing' word
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Active verb
a physical action (e.g jump, run)
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Stative verb
a process that is often mental (e.g love, ponder, believe)
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Auxilliary verb
a verb that has to be used with another verb in order to create present participles or the future tense (e.g Did, Will, I Am)
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Modal verb
an auxilliary verb that express a degree of possibility or neccesity (e.g might, could, must)
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Adjective
a describing word that modifies a noun
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Adverb
a describing word that modifies all types of words (Time, Place and Manner)
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Superlative
an adjective that displays the most extreme value of its quality (e.g biggest, smallest, worst)
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Comparative
an adjective that relates one thing in some way to another (e.g bigger, smaller, further)
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Definite article
The
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Indefinite article
A or An
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Pronoun
a word that takes the place of the noun in a sentence (e.g him, her, it)
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First person pronoun
I and the first person plural; We, Our, Us
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Second person pronoun
You
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Third person pronoun
Him, Her, He, She, It, Them
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Possessive pronoun (1st, 2nd or 3rd person depending)
My, Mine, Our, Your, His, Hers, Theirs
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Demonstrative pronoun
This, That, Those
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Monosyllabic lexis
words of one syllable
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Polysyllabic lexis
words of two or more syllables
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Imperative sentence mood
Issuing a command
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Declarative sentence mood
Making a statement
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Interrogative sentence mood
Asking a question
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Exclamatory sentence mood
Conveying strong emotion, alarm or emphasis
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Register
the level of formality in a text
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Tenor
the tone/relationship between author and reader and how it's created
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Attitudes
the opinions expressed in the text
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Content
what the text is about
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Context
things outside the text that may shape its meaning
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Form
the structure and shape of a text
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Colloquialism
Informal language usage (e.g bloke, grub)
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Exclamation
a one word sentence (minor sentence) with an exclamation mark
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Ellipsis
when parts of a written structure are missing
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Syntax
the way words from sentences/the ordering of them
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Parenthesis
an aside within a text created by sectioning off extra information between brackets, dashes or commas
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Rhetorical question
a question designed not to be answered
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Hypophora
when a rhetorical question is immediately followed by an answer in a text
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Hyperbole
deliberate over-exaggeration
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Litotes
deliberate downplaying of things
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Parallelism/patterning
the creation of patterns in a text through repetition (phonological parallelism) or balancing meanings (semantic parallelism)
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Tricolon/tripling
grouping in threes
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Pre-modification
descriptive words come before the thing being described
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Post-modification
descriptive words come after the thing being described
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synecdoche
a metaphor that states that something is only a small constituent part of itself (e.g A new set of wheels)
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Analogy
explaining something in terms of something else
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Allusion
to refer to something indirectly or metaphorically
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Field Specific lexis
the language of a certain area
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Lexical set
the selection of relative lexemes from one text (field specific lexis, modifiers, proper nouns)
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Lexical bundle
repetition of a sequence of words that naturally go together (e.g would you mind)
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Semantics
the meaning of words
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Acronym
words created by initials (e.g RSPCA)
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Homophone
`different words that sound exactly the same when said out loud (e.g red and read)
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Homonym
when one word has multiple meanings (e.g great = size and positivity)
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Archaism
a word that has fallen out of common usage over time
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Antithesis
when ideas contrast one another (usually semantically)
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Oxymoron
the use of apparently contradictory words in a phrase (e.g hot ice)
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Collocations
words that naturally go together (e.g Fish and Chips)
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Asydetic listing
Listing without any form of co-ordinating conjunction
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Syndetic listing
listing with features of co-ordinating conjunctions
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Assonance
repetition of vowel sounds
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Clipping
colloquial omission of parts of words (e.g pram, pub)
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Irony
language that conveys a meaning other to than that literally exposed to the reader
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Sarcasm
the use of language in an ironic way with expressed purpose to offend
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Euphemism
the polite way to say something not normally considered appropriate
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Dysphemism
an extreme way of saying something not normally socially appropriate
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

a name for an idea, concept, state or being or belief (you cannot touch)

Back

Abstract noun

Card 3

Front

a name for a specific example of a common noun (e.g names)

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

an action or process/a 'doing' word

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

a physical action (e.g jump, run)

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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Thanks excellent resource

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