English language glossary terms

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Simple sentence
One clause
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Compound sentence
One or more piece of information connected by a conjunctive
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Complex sentence
Multiple clauses connected by a range of conjunctions and often commas
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Minor sentence
A sentence that is missing as verb or a subject
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Imperative sentence
Begins with a verb and issues a command
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Declarative sentence
States something that is not necessarily factually correct
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Interrogative
Question
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Exclamatory sentence
States and expresses emotions
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Elliptical sentence
Is missing a feature. They do not make sense without other sentences.
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Epistemic modal verbs
Expresses the speakers opinion regarding the truth or degree of certainty about a proposition
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Deontic modal verbs
Concerned with directions, obligation, permission offering, advice, requesting and granting things
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Dynamic modality
Expresses ability or willingness
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Concrete nouns
Physical things that can be felt by at least one of the five senses
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Abstract nouns
Things that are not physical and cannot be touched
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Proper nouns
Names
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Adjectives
Add detail to the noun being described
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State verbs
Expresses states or conditions that are relatively static
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Action verbs
Express activities processes momentary actions or physical conditions
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Tone
The general character attitude or mood of the situation.
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Register
The type of language used that is determined by a degree of formality
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Adverbs of time
When
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Adverbs of place
Where
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Adverbs of manner
How
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Adverbs of degree
Almost, quite, nearly, too, enough, hardly, simply
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Adverbs of frequency
How often
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Adverbial phrases
More than one word that does the same function as a single adverb
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Determiner
Go before a noun and show what they are referring to
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Articles - definite and indefinite
(Definite – the) (Indefinite – a)
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Possessive determiners
His/hers/my
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Quantifiers
Few/enough
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Demonstrative adjectives
This/that – (not demonstrative pronouns which replace nouns)
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Cardinal numerals
1,2,3...
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Ordinal numerals
One, two, three...
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Personal pronoun
You, my, he, she, them, they
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Possesive pronouns
Shows ownership - mine/theirs
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Reflexive pronouns
Himself/herself/myself
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Demonstrative pronouns
This/that/these/those
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Interrogative pronouns
Who/what/where
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Negative pronouns
Nothing/nobody
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Indefinite pronouun
Anyone/somebody
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High frequency lexis
Words that are commonly used in day to day life
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Low frequency lexis
Words that are not used in day to day life - possibly technical terms
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Jargon
Specialist words and terms used by a professional industry.
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Topic management
The way topics in a conversation are organised or handed from speaker to speaker.
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Agenda setting
Where a speaker sets up a main topic of conversation
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Topic initiation uptake
When a topic of conversation is suggested, it's success is dependent upon the other participants.
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Turn taking
Only one speaker at a time
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Opener
An expression or discourse marker that opens a conversation (so).
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Closer
An expression or discourse marker that closes a conversation.
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Adjacency pair
A pair of utterances that typically go together
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Minimal response / back channelling
Supportive terms such as "oh" or "really"
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Self related comment
Speaker comments on them selves
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Other related comment
Speaker comments on the other participant
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Neutral comment
Commenting on something that is not specific to either participant such as the weather.
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Attention getters
Words or phrases that gain attention.
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Asymmetric lexis
Words that have male and female versions
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Semantic derogation
A word acquires a more negative meaning over time. A semantic shift results in a less favourable connotation of a word.
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Suffixation
Adding a group of letters to a word to change or adapt the meaning.
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Affordance
Linguistic and behavioural choices provided by technology
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Constraints
Linguistic and behavioural restrictions provided by technology
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Descriptivism
Accepts change
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Prescriptivism
Resists change
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Contractions
Missing letters in the middle of words (pls-please)
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Clippings
Dropping a sound (hav-have)
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Acronyms and initials
Using initials to represent words (WUUT)
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Logograms
The use of single letters or numerals to represent words (b4 / *** - kisses)
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Emoticons
Visual shapes represent objects and concepts
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Non-standard spelling
Luv - love
68 of 69
Shortenings
Abbreviations by omitting one of its meaningful elements (gov - government)
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

One or more piece of information connected by a conjunctive

Back

Compound sentence

Card 3

Front

Multiple clauses connected by a range of conjunctions and often commas

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

A sentence that is missing as verb or a subject

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Begins with a verb and issues a command

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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