English Language concepts 4.0 / 5 based on 1 rating ? English LanguageConceptsA2/A-levelAll boards Created by: ACGreen2001Created on: 07-05-19 12:31 Accommodation Where a speaker adapts to another speaker's accent, dialect or socioloect. 1 of 32 Affordance Linguistic and behavioural choices provided by technology. 2 of 32 Bias A form of prejudice in favour of or against an idea, person or group, expressed through language/images and so on. 3 of 32 Convergence Where a speaker moves towards another speaker's accent, dialect or sociolect. 4 of 32 Covert prestige Describes high social status through use of non-standard forms. 5 of 32 Dialect A language style associated with a particular geographical region 6 of 32 Divergence Where a speaker actively distances themselves from another speaker by accentuating their own accent or dialect 7 of 32 Downward convergence Making your accent or lexis more informal. 8 of 32 Exophoric reference A reference to something, often cultural, beyond the text 9 of 32 Idiolect Your own individual way of speaking 10 of 32 Initialism Abbreviation using the first letter of a group of words and pronounced separately. eg FBI, CIA, DVD 11 of 32 Negative face Our desire to avoid doing something we don't want to do, such as giving money to a stranger. 12 of 32 Negative politeness A more indirect, hedged approach, often using negative constructions. 13 of 32 Overt prestige Refers to a dialect used by a culturally powerful group 14 of 32 Positive face Our need to maintain self-esteem. Positive is threatened when we are criticised in any way 15 of 32 Positive politeness An informal approach that assumes the other party will agree 16 of 32 Representation Language used to present an impression of ourselves, or of an event, company or institution to the wider world. 17 of 32 Sociolect A language style associated with a particular social group 18 of 32 Standardisation The process of forming a uniform language that demands conformity by all variant language forms. 19 of 32 Topic management The way topics in a conversation are organised or handled from speaker to speaker 20 of 32 Upward convergence Changing your accent or lexical choices to something you perceive as more prestigious 21 of 32 Descriptivist An attitude to language that describes what is there, explaining it, without judgement. 22 of 32 Prescriptivist An attitude to language that suggests that some forms of language are more valuable than others- prescribes what is correct and what is not. 23 of 32 Personal power People who hold power because of their occupational role 24 of 32 Political power Power held by politicians, police and legal professions 25 of 32 Social group power Power held as a result of social age, class, gender, etc 26 of 32 Instrumental power Power that is authoritative and enforceable because it is supported by 'instruments of law' 27 of 32 Influential power Power that persuades or influences us to change our behaviour or beliefs 28 of 32 Prestige forms Standard English dialect, Received Pronunciation 29 of 32 Power in discourse Ways in which power is manifested in situations through language 30 of 32 Power behind discourse Focus on the social and ideological reasons behind the passing of power 31 of 32 Members' resourses Part of synthetic personalisation- readers' cultural and cognitive understanding of the world; assumptions of their existing knowledge 32 of 32
Comments
No comments have yet been made