England 1422-1461 (Henry VI's first Reign)

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August 1422
Henry VI becomes King under a minority.
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October 1422
Charles VI of France dies, leaving Henry king of both England and France.
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1437
Henry is deemed old enough to rule without a regency council.
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1444
Henry VI is betrothed to the daughter of the the king of Naples, Margaret of Anjou.
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1445
Henry marries Margaret of Anjou. Also, York had amassed huge debts whilst Lieutenant-General in France endnote of his debts were paid back, whereas Somerset's debts from an exhibition in France in 1443 were repaid.
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1450
Henry loses Normandy in France, a huge tactical loss. Also, Cade's Rebellion, in which Jack Cade leads a group of rebels with a list of grievances: to remove the King's evil advisors and give Richard, Duke of York a position on the King's Council.
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September 1451
York deals with a dispute in Devon between the Courtenays and the Bonvilles, showing his ability to restore law and order.
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1452
Richard, Duke of York persuaded to return from Ireland to improve government. He gave Henry a list of grievances which Henry initially accepted, until Margaret of Anjou overruled him.
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August 1453
After losing Bordeaux in France, Henry suffered catatonic schizophrenia.
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October 1453
Henry VI's son, Prince Edward, is born.
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1454
Parliament gives Richard, Duke of York the title of Protector of the Realm, and, in this position, he locks Henry's favourite noble, Somerset, in the tower.
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December 1454
Henry VI recovers from his mental collapse.
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May 1455
Together with his new ally, Warwick, York defeats the King's army at the first Battle of St Albans., killing Somerset and Northumberland.
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June 1455
York and Warwick are absolved from their actions at St Albans and Somerset is blamed for the battle.
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November 1455
York makes himself protector again, but due to pressure from Lancastrian nobles and the Queen, he resigns 3 months later.
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1456
Margaret of Anjou moves court to the midlands and sets up a power base. against York, there, where her son owns land.
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1458
Loveday- a public show of reconciliation between the Yorkists and Lancastrians. York and Margaret of Anjou held hands.
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September 1459
Yorkist forces defeated the Lancastrians at Blore Heath.
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October 1459
Yorkist troops fled when soldiers from the Calais Garrison went over to the King's side.
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November 1459
A parliament was held at Coventry (Parliament of the Devils) at which the Yorkists were not invited and Acts of Attainder were passed against them.
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June 1460
Warwick, his father, Salisbury, and Edward, Earl of March, sailed from Calais with a Papal Legate, Coppini, who excommunicated Lancastrians from the church.
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July 1460
The Yorkists defeated the Lancastrians at Northampton and captured Henry VI, intending to rule in his name, arguing that they were removing evil advisors.
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September 1460
York arrived in London , from Ireland, and strode into the House of Lords to proclaim himself King. Not even the Yorkists themselves expected this, as Henry VI was, though mentally ill, an Anointed Sovereign.
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October 1460
Instead of allowing York to claim the throne, parliament passed the and Act of Accord, saying that, if Henry VI dies, the throne would pass to York's family.
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December 1460
York mistook the Lancastrian army for a foraging party and was killed outside Sandal Castle in Wakefield. His brother, Salisbury, was executed after this battle and his head, along with York's, was displayed on the city walls of York.
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2nd February 1461
Edward, Earl of March, had been building his forces in Wales and defeated Jasper Tudor's army at Mortimer's Cross, showing the 18 year old Yorkist's skill on the battlefield.
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17th February 1461
Warwick's army was taken by surprise by Margaret's army at the Second Battle of St Albans. Margaret took back Henry VI and Warwick fled.
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4th March 1461
Margaret marched North, to stop her army sacking London. This gave Edward the chance to march into London, as they supported Warwick as Captain of the Calais Garrison, and believed Edward could protect them from the Queen's army sacking London.
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29th March 1461
In order to legitimise his claim to the throne, Edward marched North to fight Henry's army at Towton. The late arrival of Yorkist reinforcements turned the battle to Edward's advantage and the Lancastrian forces scattered, leaving Edward as king.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Charles VI of France dies, leaving Henry king of both England and France.

Back

October 1422

Card 3

Front

Henry is deemed old enough to rule without a regency council.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Henry VI is betrothed to the daughter of the the king of Naples, Margaret of Anjou.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Henry marries Margaret of Anjou. Also, York had amassed huge debts whilst Lieutenant-General in France endnote of his debts were paid back, whereas Somerset's debts from an exhibition in France in 1443 were repaid.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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