ENGL282 LANGUAGE IN SOCIETY

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W11. definition of CODE SWITCHING
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W11. INTRA-SENTENTIAL
Switching from one language and more within the same sentance
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W11. INTER-SENTENTIAL
switching from one language to another between sentances
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W11. INTER-TURN
switching from languages between turns
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W11. DEFINING SITUATIONAL CODE-SWITCHING
Situational code-switching involves switching from one dialect or register to another, in order to indicate that the topic, tone or purpose of a conversation has changed EASILU UNDERSTOOD.
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W11. DEFINING METAPHORICAL CODE-SWITCHING
Metaphorical code-switching is designed to confuse and to defy expectation
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W11. CONTEXTUALISATION CUE
an aspect of linguistic form that provides an indication of how the content is to be interpreted
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W11. REITERATIONS
repetition and language change within
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W11. Qualifying a message
where the topic is introduced in one language and then a comment on it is offered in another language
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Marking boundaries between discourse types and genres
e.g lectures vs. discussions, classroom management vs. teaching mode, serious talk vs. joking
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W11. Identity functions
Codes as identity markers: ‘We’ and ‘they’ codes
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W11. The markedness model of code-switching - MYRES-SCOTTON
I argue that one major motivation for using one variety rather than another as a medium of the interaction is the extent to which this choiceminimises costs and maximises rewards for the hearer
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W11. Codes as styles
Switching between languages and dialects can help to signal casualness and intimacy or, alternatively, formality, authority and prestige
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W11. LANGUAGE CROSSING
‘refers to the use of a language which isn’t generally thought to “belong” to the speaker.’
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W11. OWNERSHIP IN LANGUAGE CROSSING
An Asian boy using “stylised Asian English” (i.e. English which sounds like the English of a second-language English speaker from India) to impersonate/mock older Asian speakers
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W11. CROSSING AS A LIMINAL ACTIVITY
According to Rampton, crossing takes place at times and in spaces which are “liminal” or “liminoid”, i.e. where the rules of social order are relaxed/ill-defined/temporarily suspended
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W10. 3 TYPES OF MULTILINGUALISM
individual, state, minority community
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W10. no1, individual
especially in a culture which perceives itself as monolingual, multilingualism is seen as an individual accomplishment.
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W10. no2, STATE
multilingualism at the official level is often the result of political federation (e.g. Belgium) or migration/colonisation (Canada, Israel)
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W10. no3, MINORITY COMMUNITY
communities may see themselves as bilingual or multilingual within a larger society which shares some, or none, of their languages
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W10. definition of DIGLOSSIA
Two languages in frequent use within a speech community
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W10. Complementary domains within DIGLOSSIA
High and Low variety, Hand L code
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W10. H CODE
more prestige, standardized
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W10. FISHMAN 1967 DIGLOSSIA
Diglossia exists not only in societies which employ ‘classical’ and ‘vernacular’ varieties but also in societies where different languages are employed in a functionally differentiated way with a large status difference between them.
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W10. HOLMES example of PARAGUAY
two language one a H code one a L code, the L code is used in gossip
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

W11. INTRA-SENTENTIAL

Back

Switching from one language and more within the same sentance

Card 3

Front

W11. INTER-SENTENTIAL

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

W11. INTER-TURN

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

W11. DEFINING SITUATIONAL CODE-SWITCHING

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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