Engineering golden rice 0.0 / 5 ? BiologyDNA, genetics and evolutionA2/A-levelOCR Created by: Steff06Created on: 18-06-16 14:01 What is the best way to overcome a vitamin deficiency disease? To take in a balanced diet. 1 of 14 What are the functions of vitamin A? Eyesight, cell growth and development, epithelial tissue, bones. 2 of 14 Where does vitamin A come from in the diet? Comes from animal sources only. 3 of 14 What is vitamin A formed from? Formed from beta-carotene in the human gut. 4 of 14 What is beta-carotene known as? Known as a precursor. 5 of 14 What must the diet also include for vitamin A to be absorbed properly? Diet must also include some lipids as vitamin A is fat soluble. 6 of 14 What genes do rice plants contain? Contain genes that code for the production of beta-carotene. 7 of 14 Why do the people who eat the rice plants not get the beta-carotene? The part of the plant that is eaten (grain) has the genes for beta-carotene production switched off. 8 of 14 Why was the genetically engineered rice called golden rice? Engineered so beta-carotene accumulated in the endosperm (grain). Accumulation made the rice grains yellow-orange in colour. 9 of 14 What was found about how to activate the metabolic pathway in the endosperm cells? The insertion of 2 genes into the rice genome was needed for the metabolic pathway to be activated in the endosperm cells. 10 of 14 What enzymes did the genes code for? Phytoene synthetase - gene extracted from daffodil plants. Crt 1 enzyme - gene extracted from the soil bacterium. 11 of 14 When were these genes expressed? When the endosperm grew. 12 of 14 Why was the usefulness of the rice in dealing with vitamin A deficiency questioned? It was estimated you would have to eat a lot of rice in order to take in sufficient beta-carotene. 13 of 14 Why has the production of Golden rice been criticised? Lead to a reduction of biodiversity. Food safety is unknown. Genetically modified rice could breed with wild types to contaminate wild rice. 14 of 14
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