energy (physics)

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  • Created by: abi2422
  • Created on: 14-11-20 17:07
name 8 energy stores
thermal, kinetic, gravitational potential, elastic potential, chemical, magnetic, electrostatic, nuclear
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what happens when a system changes?
energy is transferred
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what are closed systems?
systems where neither matter or energy can leave
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what is the net change in the total energy for a closed system?
always zero
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what is the formula for kinetic energy? (word and symbol formula)
Ek = (1/2)mv^2
kinetic energy = (1/2) x mass x (speed)^2
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will there be more or less energy in an object's kinetic energy store if it has a high mass and speed?
more
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what is the gravitational potential energy (g.p.e.) formula? (word and symbol formula)
Ep = mgh
g.p.e. = mass x gravitational field strength x height
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what is the elastic potential energy formula? (word and symbol formula)
Ee = (1/2)ke^2
elastic potential energy = (1/2) x spring constant x extension^2
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what is the formula for specific heat capacity? (word and symbol formula)
△ E = mc △ θ
change in thermal energy = mass x specific heat capacity x temperature change
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what is specific heat capacity?
the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of a substance by 1 degree C
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what is the conservation of energy principle?
energy can be transferred usefully, stored or dissipated, but can never be created or destroyed
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what is the formula involving power, time, and energy transferred? (word and symbol)
P = e/t
power = (energy transferred) / (time)
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what is the formula involving work done, power and time? (word and symbol)
P = w/t
power = (work done) / (time)
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what is conduction?
the process where vibrating particles transfer energy to neighbouring particles
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do materials with low thermal conductivity transfer energy between their particles quickly or slowly?
slowly
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where does conduction mainly take place?
in solids
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where does convection mainly take place?
in liquids and gases
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what is convection?
where energetic particles move away from hotter to cooler regions
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how are convection currents formed?
if there is a constant heat source
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what does insulation do?
reduces the rate of energy transfer by heating
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what is the efficiency equation involving energy transfer?
efficiency = (useful output energy transfer) / (total input energy transfer)
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what is the efficiency formula involving power?
efficiency = (useful power output) / (total power input)
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what are the 3 main fossil fuels?
coal, oil and gas
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what are the main renewable energy sources?
sun, wind, water waves, hydro-electricity, bio-fuel, tides and geothermal
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what are bio-fuels?
renewable energy resources created from either plant products or animal waste
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what are the units for power?
watts (W)
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

what happens when a system changes?

Back

energy is transferred

Card 3

Front

what are closed systems?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

what is the net change in the total energy for a closed system?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

what is the formula for kinetic energy? (word and symbol formula)

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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