What happens when an atom is given energy by heat or an electric field?
Electrons are pushed up from a lower energy level to a much higher energy level, the electron is promoted.
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What happens when the energy source is removed?
The electron falls from their higher energy level (excited state) to a lower energy level, the energy is lost and released as a packet of energy called a quantum of energy.
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What is the equation to relate frequency and wavelength of light?
c = fλ
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What's the equation to connect the frequency of electromagnetic radiation and energy?
E = hf
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What happens if frequency decreases?
If frequency decreases, energy increases. If frequency decreases, wavelength decreases.
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What is light of all visible wavelengths called?
White light
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What do all atoms and molecules do?
All atoms and molecules absorb lights of certain wavelengths.
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What happens when lights passed through the vapour of an element?
Only certain wavelengths will be absorbed, others will be removed.
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What happens when you look through a spectrometer?
When you look through a spectrometer black lines show where light of some wavelengths has been absorbed, they correspond to the energy taken in by atoms to promote electrons from lower to higher energy levels.
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What is a photon?
A photon is a quantum of light energy.
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Why does hydrogen give the simplest emission spectrum?
An atom of hydrogen only has a single electron.
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What is the one series that is in the visible region of the spectrum?
The Balmer series
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What happens when an atom is excited?
When an atom is excited because it's absorbed energy, an electron jumps to a higher energy level. When it falls back down to a lower energy level it emits energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation.
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What is the emitted energy seen as?
The emitted energy is seen as a line in the spectrum as the energy of the emitted radiation is equal to the difference between the two energy levels, in this electronic transition, i.e its a fixed quantity of quantum.
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What is the convergence limit?
As the frequency increase, the lines get closer together until they form a continuous band of radiation.
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What does the convergence limit correspond to?
The convergence limit corresponds to the point at which the energy of an electron is no longer quantised. At that point the nucleus has lost all influence over the electron so the atom has become ionised.
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What does the convergence limit represent in the Lyman series?
In the Lyman series, n=1, the convergence limit represents the ionisation of the hydrogen atom
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How do you calculate the ionisation?
By measuring the convergent frequency, and then calculating using △E = hf
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How do you calculate the first ionisation energy for a mole of atoms?
The value of △E is multiplied by Avogadro's constant.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What happens when the energy source is removed?
Back
The electron falls from their higher energy level (excited state) to a lower energy level, the energy is lost and released as a packet of energy called a quantum of energy.
Card 3
Front
What is the equation to relate frequency and wavelength of light?
Back
Card 4
Front
What's the equation to connect the frequency of electromagnetic radiation and energy?
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