Elizabethan England

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When was the Spanish Armada?
The Spanish Armada was in 1588.
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What caused the long-term conflict between Spain and England?
Religion caused tension, because England was protestant. Whereas, Spain was catholic. This caused tension. Another reason was that Phillip 11 wanted to Mary Elizabeth 1. She refused. As a result, this caused tension between the two?
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What three factors were there for Spanish Defeat?
Some of the factors included: Luck, Spanish Weaknesses and English Strength.
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Why was the Spanish leader a weakness?
The Spanish leader was a weakness because he has never been to sea before, therefore he has very limited experience. Duke of Medina Sidonia was also seasick, which made matters worse.
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Who was the English leader?
The English leader was Lord Howard and Francis Drake.They were very experienced. However, Drake was hated by the Spanish. He used to burn their ships and take their gold.
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What were Spanish's resources?
The Spanish had lots of money and a well trained army.
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What were English's resources?
The English had 20,000 soldiers but they were untrained.
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What were the ships design? (England)
The had lighter, faster and more manoeuvrable ships.
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What were the ships design? (Spain)
Spain had large and heavy ships, which were crammed with soldiers but not experienced ones.
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What were Spain's tactics?
Spain's plan relied on picking up extra troops in the Netherlands. However, communication was poor, so this became impossible.
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What were England's tactics?
England has good tactics. When the Spanish Ships were anchored, Drake sent fireships amongst them. The Spanish then panicked and cut their actors loose. They then disbanded.
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How did Luck affect the Spanish Armada for the English?
England had good luck because it was extremely lucky in their favour. They though that it was God helping the protestants.
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How did Luck affect the Spanish Armada for the Spanish?
Spain had bad luck because the ships were scattered by the wind, and ended up being blown to the top of Scotland are Ireland. It is estimate that around 20,000 died.
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Why was the Spanish Armada get defeated?
It was due to English strengths such as tactics and ships, Spanish Weaknesses such as leadership, and luck such as the weather being very bad.
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When was the Essex Rebellion?
The Essex Rebellion was in 1601.
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Who was Essex?
Essex was one of Elizabeth's favourites.
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What are some adjectives to describe Essex and Elizabeth's relationship?
Their relationship was tumultuous, stormy and turbulent.
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At what point did the Essex Rebellion occur in Elizabeth's reign?
It occurred in the end part of Elizabeth's reign when her power was weakening, the country was in debt and there was no clear successor.
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How many supporters did Essex have?
He has 300 supporters.
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Why did Essex underestimate Elizabeth's power?
He underestimated her power because he wanted to get Londoners involved, but they refused.
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Who did Essex claim he was challenging?
He claimed that he was challenging the Privy council, not the Queen. He disliked the influence of ministers such as Robert Cecil with whom he had a long rivalry with.
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When was Essex Executed?
He was executed on the 25th February 1601. This shows that even her favourites could fall from grace.
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Why was the execution important?
It shows Elizabeth's power. Also, the fact that the whole thing only lasted under 12 hours is also significant because it shows her power.
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What religion was Elizabeth 1?
She was moderate protestant.
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What did the Catholics want?
They wanted England to be Catholic, but also follow catholic practices. For example, they wanted colourful church and mass.
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What did the Catholics do?
The Catholics made many protests. Some of them were: the Radolfi Plot of 1571, and the Babington Plot of 1587.
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What did Catholics thing that Elizabeth was?
They thought that she was illegitimate. They wanted Mary Queen of Scots to be Queen.
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What happened to Mary Queen of Scots?
She was held as a prisoner. However, when the plots got out of control, she was executed.
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What was the babington plot?
The babington plot of 1586, was when they tried to assassinate the Queen, so that Mary could take the throne.
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What was the the Radolfi plot?
The Radolfi plot of 1571, was when they tried to assassinate the Queen, and replace her with Mary Queen of Scots.
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Why did Bess buy the Old Hardwick Hall?
Bess bought they Old Hardwick Hall because her and her final husband had fallen out, and they didn't want to live together anymore. She was born there too.
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What were some of the reasons that she brought Hardwick hall for?
Some included: To host the Queen, to show off her wealth, to reflect fashion, and to host other people too.
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How did Hardwick hall show off her wealth?
The famous quote, "Hardwick hall, more glass than wall" shows how she shows off her wealth. At the time, glass was a luxury and really expensive. Therefore, it meant you were rich if you had a lot of glass. It would've cost more to heat.
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How did the building reflect the Renaissance and Italian architecture at the time?
It was all very symmetrical, and had a lot of columns. This was fashionable at the time.
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Why did the floors increase with size as you go up?
The floors increase with size because they show the importance of the people staying there. For example, the Queen is most important so would stay at the top floor, where it is largest.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What caused the long-term conflict between Spain and England?

Back

Religion caused tension, because England was protestant. Whereas, Spain was catholic. This caused tension. Another reason was that Phillip 11 wanted to Mary Elizabeth 1. She refused. As a result, this caused tension between the two?

Card 3

Front

What three factors were there for Spanish Defeat?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Why was the Spanish leader a weakness?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

Who was the English leader?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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