Elizabeth I

?
what legitimised Elizabeth as 3rd in line
Henry's 1544 succession act
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What did Thomas seymour do to Elizabeth which effected her later actions?
He flirted with her, had liberties such as visiting her chamber when she was only 14. May have psychologically lead to the reason why she didn't want to marry
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What was Elizabeth like?
Had a quick temper like her father, keen to promote the Bible in English and learnt that her appearance helped symbolise her status.
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What were Elizabeth's Short term aims when she became queen in 1558
To consolidate her position , settle religious issues, End war with France and preserve prerogative rights
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How did people respond to Elizabeth becoming the next Queen
Generally many were relieved with Marys death, but they were concerned that Elizabeth was young so wanted her to marry.
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How many of Mary's advisers did Elizabeth keep?
11/30 to appease the people
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What key appointments did she make?
William Cecil and Sir Nicolas Bacon
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Why did Elizabeth need to Implement the 1559 Treaty of Cateau cambresis?
She was at war with France so had to be careful beuase her religious changes would effect foreign relations. The Cateau Cambresis end the wars between Spain and France= made it easier to steer through her RS
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What was the act of supremacy 1559?
Made Elizabeth supreme Governor and people had to take an oath of alligance
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What was the act of uniformity 1559?
Everyone had to go church services, the alter was replaced with a communion table, but still used catholic artefacts= appeased both religions
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What were Elizabeth's royal injunctions 1559?
Visiters inspected churches and gave them instructions. Removed superstitious things ans made sure the Bible was displayed in English
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What were the 39 articles 563?
Drawn up to define church doctrine, based on Cranmer = combined Catholicism and Protestantism
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What was the 1559 prayer book?
Single set doctrine which fused both books from Edwards reign
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What were the internal reactions to Elizabeths Rs?
400 coergy resigned and only 1/2 of Jp's supported the RS
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what was the act of exchange 1559?
Elizabeth was allowed to take Bishops property to keep them in line
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What did Phillip do in 1559?
Offered to marry Elizabeth, so he could maintain Catholicism in England
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What did Phillip do in 563 because he ruled the Spaninish netherlands?
he banned the import of English cloth to Netherlands so Elizabeth responded by banning all exports from Netherlands = both backed down 1564
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What treaty in 1559 gave England 500,00 crowns in return for calais?
1559 Treaty of Cateau Cambresis
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What was the intervention in France 1562?
Conflict broke out between Catholics and protestants Huguenots in France, Dudley pressurised Elizabeth to put pressure on French by Providing the Huguenots prince with 6000 men
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What did the intervention with France lead to?
The treaty of Troyes 1564- the loss of Calais was made permanent
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What was the intervention with scotland?
Protestant rebels in scotland led a rebllion and asked for Englands help. Cecil encouraged Elizabeth to intervene by threatening to resign
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what was the treaty of Berwick 1560?
where Elizabeth offered support of the Scottish protestant rebels
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what was the Treaty of Edinburgh 1560?
rebels succeed and the guieses fall from power= triumph because influence of MQO'S is reduced
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what was the Privy council and its function?
Where all the ministers met, Elizabeth h ad a smaller p council because she wanted be active. It gave advise on matters, managed finance and oversaw officials
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How many Jp's were there in each county by 1600
50
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Who was Francis walsingham?
Was secretary of state and Elizabeth's spy master. Had role in MQOS execution
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Who was William Cecil- lord Burghley
Conservative, attacked extremism. He was careful with spain and France, this created conflict with Dudley who was opening Anti- Spanish
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who was Dudley- Leicester
Close to Elizabeth, wanted stronger persecution of the Catholics and Puritan reforms
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How many progresses did Elizabeth do and why?
25, to build an image of herself
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What did Elizabeth do to help the poor?
gave 13 poor men 5p a day
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What was the Propganda approach of the virgin Queen?
Showed that Elizabeth prioritised politics over marriage- illusion of a Golden age
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How did elizabeth control the representation of her image?
ordered all paintings were by her sergeant painter. Also unauthorised images of her were destroyed and prohibited.
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What was factional rivarly and when was it most common?
Different advisors wanted Elizabeth's attention and formed factions and disagreed. For example Cecil and Dudley disagreed about the Queens suitors
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How many session of parliament did Elizabeth have?
13- 11/13 were for taxation
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What did elizabeth do about the bills/laws
she had to approve of them all- refused to pass over 60 bills
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How did Elizabeth respond to parliaments urges for her to marry
1571- sent instructions to not meddle in matter of state, banished Leicester from court
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What was the threat if Elizabeth didn't marry?
the next successor would be MQOS who was a devout catholic = created fear
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What happened to Elizabeth in 1562?
She caught small pox, which showed the importance in her needing to marry - point were it became clear that she wasn't going to marry
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What was the effect of Elizabet'hs excommunication 1570?
it meant that catholics were free from obeying her which lead to the rise of support of MQOS.
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What was the Northern rebellion 1569?
led by northen lords after MQOS arrival in England. They attempted to bring catholicm back by suggesting Mary marries Duke of Norlfolk. 4600 were involved and they held an illegal mass in Durham
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How did Elizabeth respond?
Sent earl of essex to supress it , but Norfolk escapes which is a threat because he gets involved with the Ridolfi plot
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Whats the Ridolfi plot?
Plot to replace Elizabeth with MQOS who would marry Norfolk, had support of foreign banker Ridolfi who got Phillip to send 6000 troops
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How id Elizabeth respond?
Intelligence network discovered to and norfolk was executed = Implemented treason laws and tightened Marys security
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What was the Throckmorton plot 1583?
Catholic force plotted to invade England involving Jesuits and seminary priests and also the pope
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How did Elizabeth respond?
Walsingham noticed it before it was carried out, Throckmorton was executed and Marys security was tightened ( letters censored)
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What was the parry plot 1585 and its threat level?
William parry attempted to assassinate Elizabeth, was threatening because it was the first to directly threaten Elizabeth's life
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How did Elizabeth respond?
Parry was executed and all seminary priests had to leave in 40 days
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What was the Babington plot 1586?
Letters in code were sent from MQOS in a plot to kill Elizabeth and establish catholicism
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How elizabeth responded?
Walsingham foiled it and deciohered the letters = prood needed to execute mary
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When was MQOS executed?
1587
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What did John Hawkins do in 1560's which angered spain?
Started trading and attempted to break monopoly with Spain and carribbean
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What did protestant rebels in nethelands do in 1560's?
Asked Elizabeth for help against Spanish, so she impounded Spanish ships = backfired because English ships were siezed
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What did Elizabeth do in 1560's which made her more anti-catholic?
Suported Don Antonio ( Portuguese pretender) and knighted Drake = aggravated the Spanish
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Who was executed in 1584 which worsened relations?
William Of Orange
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What was the 1584 Treaty of Joinville?
A league between Phillip and French league which the guises led= potentially Philip could help MQOS claim
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What was the Treaty of Nonsuch 1585?
Alliance between Elizabeth and dutch protestant rebels, Elizabeth sent 6000 men to help but they were badly paid and quarrelled which lead to Leicesters resignation -Phiilip could exploit this weakness
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What were the causes of the Armada 1588?
William of oranges death, phillip helped and encouraged MQOS rebellions etc
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events of the Armarda?
English fireships burned spanish ships at the battle of gravelines , English were more experienced.The bad weather also wrecked the spainish fleet.
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How many spanish ships returned
65/151
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What reason did ELizabeth say helped her win
God was on he side- propaganda
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What was the 1563 statute of Artifices?
Enforced apprenticeships for the poor and reduce the numbers of vagabonds
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what was put in place in 1572 to help the poor?
act where it was compulsory to contribute towards the poor relief
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what was the 1601 Elizabethan poor law?
Poor relief which made a compulsory poor rate
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What was the regional threat of Ireland
Elizabeth becomes supreme gov in Ireland which lead to rebellion such as the battle of yellow ford 1598
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What was the threat of Wales
Not a threat because Elizabeth allowed them to have the bible in welsh, were poor but not a threat
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What were the threats of scotland?
Boarders in conflict becuase there was lawfullness. the coucnil set up to help lawfulness was too fa a way. But by 1603 it was fairly peaceful because James became king and united it.
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What was the Northen rebellion 1569?
rebellion because North was poor and resented Elizabeth- wanted catholic future = disorganised and didnt get mass support
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How did this end?
Mass execution of rebels= showed the gov lack of notice of the regional differences
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What did John hawkins do?
Established trade with Africa, aquired slaves and new luxury goods
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What trade companies developed?
Turkish company and East Endia company
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who returned in 1580?
Francis drake after circumnavigating the world
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What did Jesuits do in 1580?
Came to England to spread Catholicism and convert people
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Elizabeths ant-catholic responce-
pay £ 20 for not attending services, catholic priests had to leave the country in 40 days
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What did the puritans do?
though reform wasnt finished, was a vestiarian controversy - 37 clergy refused to follow vestment instruction
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what was rhe significance of Presbyterianism?
radical puritians who wanted worship to be changed, wanted reliance on scripture
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who were the sepratists?
Extreme protestants who wanted to separate from church of England and spread anonymous pamphlets
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what was the act of seditious secretaries 1593?
Execute those suspected of being separatists and circulating books
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What was the oxfordshire rising 1596?
Response to bad poverty, bad harvest, high food prices etc
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what was the outcome?
was meant to be a rising of the people but only 4 men showed up and it disbanded= ring leaders executed
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What was the essex rebellion 1601?
Essex plans a rebellion with other nobels to remove Elizabeth and proclaim as king = failed
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outcome and consequences?
Quickly executed him- shows that Elizabeth didn't fairly use advisers
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What was Elizabeth's Golden speech?
Delivered to 141 members, addressing the respect she has for them and the country. Members were upset and in tears and it was a symbol of the end of her reign.
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Card 2

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What did Thomas seymour do to Elizabeth which effected her later actions?

Back

He flirted with her, had liberties such as visiting her chamber when she was only 14. May have psychologically lead to the reason why she didn't want to marry

Card 3

Front

What was Elizabeth like?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What were Elizabeth's Short term aims when she became queen in 1558

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

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How did people respond to Elizabeth becoming the next Queen

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