Elizabeth I

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  • Created by: cmegs
  • Created on: 04-05-19 11:55
Who was the Treaty of Joinville signed between and when?
Spain and France in 1584
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When was the Ridolphi plot uncovered? (Who was sentenced to death?)
1571, and the Duke of Norfolk
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When did William Cecil die?
1598
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What did William Allen establish in the Netherlands and when?
A seminary college to train catholic missionaries to go to England, established in 1568
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How many books were published in Elizabeth's reign?
2,760
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What came after the Treaty of Hampton Court?
Peace of Troyes 1564 between England and France
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When did the Council of Trent reassert strict Catholic doctrine?
1563
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Who put forward the most effetive case in favour of the Anglican church?
Richard ****** in the Laws of Ecclesiastical Polity 1593
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What 5 possible causes are linkd to inflation in Tudor times?
1) Government spending 2) Debasement of the coinage 3) Increase in the circulation of bullion 4) Bad harvests 5) Land sales
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How much did royal income increase between 1558-1603?
50% Just enough to keep in pace with inflation
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When was Peter Wentworth imprisoned and why?
1576- he demanded greater free speech in Parliamement
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When did Parliament pass an Act 'to retain the Queens Majesty's subjects in their due obedience'?
1581
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Who was one of the first Jesuits in England, when did he arrive?
Edward Campion 1580
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What was the Council of Trent
A meeting of Europe's leading Catholic Clergy to discuss the future of the Church added to the threat of both France and Spain attacking England
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Who was the one serious consideration for Elizabeth to marry at the beginning of her reign?
Robert Dudley
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Why was there a panic over the succession in 1562?
Elizabeth was very ill with small pox and hadn't named a successor
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What was set up in 1576? (In reference to poor people)
Houses of Correction for those who refused to work
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What poor law legislation remained in place until the 19th century?
The Poor Law Act of 1601
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What did Elizabeth tone down at court showing a sharp contrast to Henry VIII?
The extravagence- to save money and to show herself as hard working
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What allowed the government to attack the Puritans?
Marprelate Tracts and Separatism
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Why did the discrediting of Catholicisms play a role in foreign policy?
It was associated with rebellion against a legitimate monarch and was linked to foreign control (Spanish and Papal)
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Who had the Anglican church inflluenced by 1603?
two generations of English people
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What did Thomas Cartwright argue for in religious reform? How did Elizabeth react to this?
He wanted more radical protestant churches and the dismissal of the bishops and Elizabeth was horrified
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Why were the landowners happy with Elizabth's stability and didn't want to challenge it?
Becasue she had inherited the throne through parliamentary statutes, if her inheritance was questioned so could theirs
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Who believed he had found a route to China round the north of Canada?
Frobisher
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Where was Hawkins successful in 1562?
Africa- made profits from the slave trade
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When did Drake complete his circumnaviagtion?
1577-80
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When was the East India Company established?
1600
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How long had Ireland been under the control of the English crown? How much did the English actually control?
since 1541 and they only controlled the area around Dublin known as the Pale
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When was Essex's Rebellion and what did it show?
1601, showed that Elizabeth had lost her touch with patronage
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How many roysal progresses did Elizabeth make in her reign, what was involved?
25, it meant staying in the homes of leading families and meeting her subjects- this was accompanied by processions and celebrations
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What did the first Poor Law Act set out? When was it released?
1597- confirmed the compulsory poor rate and set up pauper apprenticeships to train boys until 24 and girls until 21
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Who led the Protestant reformation in Scotland? Why was he threat to Elizabeth?
John Knox and he spoke out against female rulers and poisoned people against Mary so it was feared he could do the same to Elizabeth
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in 1563, what did parliament agree on for Elizabeth's allowance at court?
£40,000 per year which was never enough
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What were the three categories of poor people?
Idle poor, impotent poor and genuine unemployed
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What was the rate of inflation over the 16th century?
400%
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What was Elizabeth's policy towards peerages? Who was the exception?
She limited the creation of new peerages and relied on the old families but her exception was Lord Burghley
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When was Elizabeth coronated?
January 1559
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When did Elizabeth access the throne?
November 1558
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Who was the peace treaty, the Treaty of Vervins signed between?
Spain and France in 1598
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Who came to the French throne in 1589?
Henry IV a Huguenot and potential ally for Elizabeth
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How did Elizabeth bring stability to courtly politics and avoid destuctive factionalism?
By keeping the strong support of powerful men for long periods of time eg Dudley and Cecil
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Why did Elizabeth reduce the Privy Council? What did she reduce it to?
To make it easier to manage and reduce the power of the traditional nobility, it was reduced to less than 20 members
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When was the 'Spanish Fury' in the Netherlands?
1576
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What were the 4 main roles of the Privy Council?
1) Offered advice 2) Administered public policy 3) Coordinated government 4) Acted as a royal court of law
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What did Sir Francis Walsingham want and what did he do in the 1580s to achieve it?
Wanted more radical protestant reform and set up a spy network that was very effective at catching Catholics
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How many peerages did Elizabeth grant in her reign? Who was in charge of these?
18, Lord Burghley (William Cecil)
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What was the importance of patronage linked to?
Secondary patronage- those who had acquired office could make appointments meaning more people were tied showing loyalty to the queen
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What was the most valuable form of patronage?
The grant of office
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When did Dudley die?
1588
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What was the most significant plot involving Elizabeth and Mary Queen of Scots?
The Babington Plot 1586- significant as Mary sent an incriminating letter showing her support for the assassination of Elizabeth
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What did the Treaty of Blois replace in Anglo-French relations?
The idea to marry Elizabeth and the Duke of Anjou and it was signed in 1572
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Who did Elizabeth sign the treaty of Nonsuch with? and when?
The Dutch rebels in 1585- she agreed to send 7,000 troops under the Earl of Leicester
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What were the three strands of Puritan thought in Elizabeth's reign?
1) Moderate Puritanism 2) Presbyterian 3) Separatism
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What were the Marprelate Tracts?
Anonomously published Pamplets that attacked the Chruch and Bishops that were printed in London in 1588
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What was the Treaty of Hampton Court? (When was it signed?)
Elizabeth promised loans and military aid to the Huguenots, signed September 1562
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When did the French state collapse into civil war?
1562
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Who were Mary Queen of Scots' 3 husbands?
1) Francis II 2) Lord Darnley 3) Earl of Bothwell
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How did Elizabeth view the Church?
A treasure box to be used by a monarch- such as taking funds that used to go to the Pope
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What was released to establish a single set of doctrines across the country?
A new prayer book in 1559
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What did the Act of Uniformity set out?
(1559) Rules about the appearance of Churches- alters were replaced but candles and crosses remained
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What did the Act of Supremacy do? When was it passed?
1559, re-established the English monarch as the head of the Church
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Who were Scotland still allied to at the beginning of Elizabeth's reign?
The Catholic French
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What Catholic practice did Elizabeth forbid before the religious settlement?
Forbid priests to elevate the host- a practice in catholic mass
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What shaped Elizabeth's priorities towards the chruch?
Political considerations rather than religious ones
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What gave Elizabeth flexibility in choosing her advisors?
Cardinal pole- Mary's Chief advisor- died on the same day as her
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To control the represenation of her image what dis Elizabeth order in 1563?
That all her paintings were to be modelled on portraits by her sergeant painter- meant that unauthorised images were prohibited
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Who was directly affected by Elizabeth's propaganda surrounding her appearance?
The upper classes as they would have been provided with propaganda portraits
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Who led an expedition to the Caribbean in 1595, why was it a disaster?
Hawkins and Drake, Hawkins dies at sea and Drake died in the Caribbean
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What was Drake's aim for Portugal in 1589?
To force the Spanish out but the Portuguese didnt want to challenge the Spanish so Drake failed
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When was the second Armada defeated?
Octover 1596
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Where did the Battle of Gravelines take place? (Who lost?)
Off the coast of Flanders in 1588, the Spanish lost
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When was the unofficial start of the Anglo-Spanish war?
1585- when Elizabeth signed the Treaty of Nonsuch
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Why was Elizabeth concerned about the Spanish domination of the Netherlands?
Most of the English trade went through ports in the Netherlands and it threatened national security
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When was Mary Queen of Scots exectuted? Who did Elizabeth expect to be a threat due to this?
February 1587- James VI (Mary's son)
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When was the Throckmorton plot uncovered?
1584- Francis Throckmorton was tortured to reveal the details
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When did Ridolphi start plotting against Elizabeth?
1569
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When did the Northern Earls rebel? Who was it supported by?
1569- Mary Queen of Scots, Spain/ Spainish Ambassador De Spes
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What was Elizabeth conflicted over what to do with Mary Queen of Scots?
If she supported her she lost protestant allies on Scotland but if she kept her prisoner it showed she supported the deposition of a fellow female monarch
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Whjat are the Casket letters?
Documents alledgedly proving Mary Queen of Scots was Bothwell's mistress and had been involved in the murder of her husband Lord Darnley
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What made up the royal court?
Government offices and the Queen's personal household
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Why did the political and social functions of court overlap?
Noblemen had to be seen in court for patronage and government officials had to go to court to get permission from Elizabeth for acts and laws
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What was the Queen's main palace? Waht was her favourite?
Main- Whitehall favourite- Greenwich
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Who commanded the expeditionary force to support the Dutch rebels?
Dudley in 1585
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What were monopolies?
The righst over the manafacture and trade of a particular item, a very lucrative form of income for nobles
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When was Robert Dudley promoted to the Earl of Leicester?
1564
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What has the disintergration of a system based on the court and privy council after the 1580s been linked to?
The english civil war
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What did the annual tournament from 1572 celebrate?
Elizabeth's accession to the throne
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Which famous playwrite relied on patronage from members of the nobility?
William Shakespeare
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When was the Globe theatre opened?
1599
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Who could be appointed to justices of the peace?
Gentry/wealthy nobles and merchant elite
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Why did Elizabeth summon most of her parliaments?
To obtain money (Most of the time she got it)
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As the head of the Church what tax could Elizabeth claim?
First Fruit's tax on all new ecclesiastical office holders
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What is a recusant?
Anyone who refused to attend thaie parish church on a regular basis
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What did the Parliament of 1563 agree on for those who refused the oath of supremacy twice?
The death penalty
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When did Mary Queen of Scots arrive in England?
1568
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When did the Pope excommunicate Elizabeth?
1570- a justification for rebellions centered on Mary Queen of Scots
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How old was Mary Queen of Scots when she came to the throne?
6 days old (1542)
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How many rules were included in the Royal injunctions of July 1559? give 3 examples
57 1) Every church needed an English bible 2) Altars were no longer destroyed 3) Pilgrimages were outlawed
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

When was the Ridolphi plot uncovered? (Who was sentenced to death?)

Back

1571, and the Duke of Norfolk

Card 3

Front

When did William Cecil die?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What did William Allen establish in the Netherlands and when?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How many books were published in Elizabeth's reign?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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