Electrons, bonding and structure

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First ionisation energy
Energy required to remove one electron from each atom in one mole gaseous 1+ ions
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Second ionisation energy
Energy required to remove one electron from each ion with 1+ charge in one mole of gaseous ions
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Successive ionisation energy
Measure of energy required to remove each electron in turn
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Principle Quantum Number
Indicates the shell that electrons occupy, large value of n, the further the shell from the nucleus
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Orbital
Region in an atom that can hold up to two electrons with opposite spins
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Subshell
Orbitals of the same type, within a shell, grouped together
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Ionic bonding
Electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions
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Covalent bonding
Shared pair of electrons
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Dative covalent bond
Shared pair of electrons donated by one bonding atom only
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Lone pair
An outershell pair of electrons not involved in chemical bonding
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Electronegativity
The attraction of an atom in a molecules, for the pair of electrons in a covalent
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Polarity
Generally a compound made up of 2 or more different non-metals has polar molecules unless molecules are symmetrical in which case the dipoles cancel out
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Intermolecular forces
Weak bond needing 2-40kmol to break them e.g. hydrogen bonding, Van Der Waals and permanent dipole-dipole
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Permenant dipole-dipole
Weak IMF between permanent dipoles of adjacent molecules
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Metallic bonding
Electrostatic attraction between positive metal ions and delocalised electrons
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Periodicity
Repeating patterns across different periods
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Thermal Decomposition
Breaking up of a chemical substance with heat into at least two chemical sunstances
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Displacement
A reaction in which a more reactive element displaces a less reactive element from aqueous solution of latters ion
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Precipitation
Formation of a solid from a soloution during a chemical reaction. Often formed when two aqueous soloutions are mixed together
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Disproportionation
Oxidation and reduction of same elements in a redox reaction
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Energy required to remove one electron from each ion with 1+ charge in one mole of gaseous ions

Back

Second ionisation energy

Card 3

Front

Measure of energy required to remove each electron in turn

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

Indicates the shell that electrons occupy, large value of n, the further the shell from the nucleus

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

Region in an atom that can hold up to two electrons with opposite spins

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
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