Eisenhower Presidency 1952-1960

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  • Created by: evekav
  • Created on: 08-12-21 17:44
When did Eisenhower become president?
1953
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How many years were the democrats in power before Eisenhower won?
20
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Who did Eisenhower defeat in the 1959 election?
Adlai Stevenson
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What was Eisenhower's political history?
Showed little interest in politics in his early life and had never cast a vote in an election until 1948, didn't commit to a party prior 1951.
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What was one of Eisenhower's election promises?
Hint: K?C?
K1C2 - Korea, corruption, communism
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What were some of Eisenhower's mistakes during the campaign?
Hint: who didn't he defend...what from
Chose not to defend General George C Marshall who McCarthy denounced as part of a communist conspiracy
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Who did the electorate want?
Hint: wanted ......... not the party
Eisenhower, not the Republicans
The Democrats still controlled congress since the 1954 midterms.
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What was one of Eisenhower's main policies?
Dynamic Conservatism
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What was dynamic conservatism?
'conservative when it comes to money, liberal when it comes to human beings' - he intervened to stimulate the economy.
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When did Eisenhower balance the budget?
1956
1957
1960
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What were some of Eisenhower's most successful domestic policies?
*creation of new Department of Health, Education and Welfare
*expansion of social security benefits to cover 10 million Americans
*increase in min. wage by 25%
*$500 million available for low income housing
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What were some of Eisenhower's most successful domestic policies? continued
*Federal Aid Highway Act of 1956
*establishment of soil bank
*Alaska and Hawaii admitted as states
*two civil rights acts in 1957 and 1960
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What were Eisenhower's failures in domestic policies?
*management of the economy through recessions
*growth of civil rights campaigns
*McCarthy
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What was Eisenhower's approval ratings?
more than 70% in the polls
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What did Congress criticise about Eisenhower?
They believed he did not use his powers effectively to protect individual freedom and ensure justice.
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What was the 'middle path'?
Between big government intervention and rampant capitalism.
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What did the 'middle path' allow Eisenhower to do?
To work with Congress
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How many bills did Eisenhower send to Congress and how many passed?
83 sent
73 passed
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How badly did the Republicans perform in the midterm elections of 1958?
Only 34 of 98 senators
154 of 436 seats in HoR
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What was the Eisenhower Administration blamed for?
A second recession and a perceived defeat in the space race.
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What had domestic spending rose from?
31% of the budget in 1953 to 49% in 1961.
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How many people were in poverty?
One in every four (40 million in total).
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What was the north and south like in term of poverty?
south: home to almost half of the country's poor, black and white alike.
north: poverty largely the preserve of African Americans in the inner cities and Native Americans whom the administration unsuccessfully tried to assimilate into mainstream society.
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What was the Indian Relocation Act of 1956?
Encouraged Native Americans to move from reservations into the cities.
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What was Eisenhower's relationship with religious leaders?
He significantly changed the direction of US politics with the relationships he developed with religious leaders.
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What were the percentage of religious population in the US in 1957?
66% identified as Protestant-26% Catholic, 3% Jewish
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What did the Administration add (in term of religion)?
Added 'under God' to the Pledge of Allegiance, and Congress made the phrase 'I God We Trust' the national motto.
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What was Nixon's reputation?
'Tricky Dicky'
Accused of using $18,000 of political donations for personal use-made a speech assumed to be responding to the allegations but instead talked about his dog-'The Checkers Speech'.
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What does historian Irwin Gellman credit Nixon as being?
The first modern president.
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Why was Nixon seen as a modern president?
He chaired the cabinet and National Security Council in Eisenhower's absence and travelled widely.
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Who won control of Congress in 1952 and by what extent?
Republicans (Eisenhower's party)
By narrow majorities (3 seats in HoR and 1 seat in Senate)
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Who did de facto leadership fall to?
Nixon
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What happened to the control of Congress in 1954?
Republicans lost both houses, didn't regain control in Senate until 1980 and the House till 1994.
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What was the situation like for McCarthy in 1954?
He held televised hearings on communist influence in the army, he then self-destructed on tv and by 1954 he was censured by the senate.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

How many years were the democrats in power before Eisenhower won?

Back

20

Card 3

Front

Who did Eisenhower defeat in the 1959 election?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What was Eisenhower's political history?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What was one of Eisenhower's election promises?
Hint: K?C?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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