Education: Topic 2

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  • Created by: Ashley2K
  • Created on: 18-05-17 20:20
What is labelling?
Labelling, in the context of education, is labelling a pupil as bright or thick, troublemaker or hardworking.
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How do teachers label students based on their class backgrounds?
Teachers will often label working class students negatively and middle class students positively, regardless of their actual ability or attitude.
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According to Howard Becker, what is the 'ideal pupil'?
He suggests that middle-class pupils are the closest to being ideal, whilst working-class pupils are the furthest away, mainly because they are regarded as being poorly behaved.
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What is a self-fulfilling prophecy?
A self-fulfilling prophecy is a prediction that comes true simply by the virtue of it having been made.
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According to interactionists, what are the three steps of the self-fulfilling prophecy?
1. The teacher labels a pupil 2. The teacher treats the pupil accordingly, acting as if the prediction is already true 3. The pupil internalises the teacher's expectation which becomes part of his self-image or self-concept, fulfilling the prophecy.
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What is streaming?
Streaming involves separating children into different ability groups or classes called 'streams' Each ability group is then taught separately from the others for all subjects. This can often cause the self-fulfilling prophecy.
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What do Gillborn and Youdell believe streaming is caused by?
They believe the pressure of exam league tables cause steaming as schools focus their time, effort and resources on pupils they see as having the potential to get five grade C's or more. This is known as the A-C economy.
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What is the educational triage?
The sorting of pupils into three categories: 1. Those who will pass anyway 2. Borderline C/D pupils - targeted for extra help 3. Hopeless cases
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What is a pupil subculture?
A pupil subculture is a group of pupils who share similar values and behavior patterns, these subcultures usually form as a response to the way pupils have been labelled.
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How does differentiation cause the development of pupil subcultures?
Differentiation is where streaming causes the formation of a pupil subculture.
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How does polarisation cause the development of pupil subcultures?
Polarisation is the process in which pupils respond to streaming by moving towards one of the two opposite 'poles' or extremes. These two poles are pro-school subcultures and anti-school subcultures.
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What is the pro-school subculture?
Pupils placed in high streams tend to remain committed to the values of the school. Their values are those of the school.
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What is the anti-school subculture?
Those placed in low streams suffer a loss of self-esteem. This label of failure pushes them to search for alternative ways of gaining status, this involves inverting the school's values of hard work obedience and punctuality.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

How do teachers label students based on their class backgrounds?

Back

Teachers will often label working class students negatively and middle class students positively, regardless of their actual ability or attitude.

Card 3

Front

According to Howard Becker, what is the 'ideal pupil'?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is a self-fulfilling prophecy?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

According to interactionists, what are the three steps of the self-fulfilling prophecy?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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